Monday, January 20, 2025

The history of Udapana (ch36)

MAHABHARATA

CHAPTER 36
(GADAYUDDHA PARVA)-Continued

The history of Udapana


SYNOPSIS

Vaishampayana narrates the story of the great ascetic Trita, who once fell into a well near the Sarasvati River. Baladeva, the mighty hero, visited this sacred spot, offered wealth, performed rituals, and bathed joyfully. The tale reveals Trita's extraordinary penance and tragic fall into the well.

Trita and his two brothers, Ekata and Dwita, were renowned sages revered for their ascetic practices and devotion to righteousness. After their father Gautama's ascension to heaven, the brothers continued their father's teachings and gained great respect from other ascetics. However, it happened so that Ekata and Dwita, motivated by greed and fear, abandoned Trita, leaving him trapped in a well after being scared by a wolf. They selfishly took the sacrificial animals and left.

Trita, filled with despair, mentally performed a sacrificial ritual in the well, visualizing water, fire, and the Soma plant. His dedication was so immense that it reached the heavens, attracting the gods, including Brihaspati. The gods arrived to witness Trita's sacrifice and received offerings while trapped in the well. Pleased with his sacrifice, they granted him the boon of escaping the well, and the waters of Sarasvati rose, lifting him out.

Trita then returned to confront his two brothers, enraged by their betrayal. He cursed them to become dreadful wolves and to live as predators in the forest, their descendants transforming into other wild animals. The curse was swiftly fulfilled, and Ekata and Dwita were transformed into tigers, their fate sealed by their sinful actions.

Finally, having completed his rituals at the sacred Udapana, Baladeva continued his journey, leaving a legacy of devotion and justice.

CHAPTER 36

वैशम्पायन उवाच
तस्मान्नदीगतांचापि ह्युदपानं यशस्विनः।
त्रितस्य च महाराजजगामाथ हलायुधः ॥१॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca
tasmānnadīgatāṃ cāpi hyudapānaṃ yaśasvinaḥ |
tritasya ca mahārāja jagāmātha halāyudhaḥ || 1||

Vaishampayana said
Baladeva proceeded next to the tirtha Udapana on the Sarasvati, which had formerly been the habitation, O king, of the illustrious ascetic Trita.

तत्र दत्त्वा बहु द्रव्यंपूजयित्वा तथा द्विजान्।
उपस्पृश्य च तत्रैवप्रहृष्टो मुसलायुधः ॥ २ ॥

tatra dattvā bahu dravyaṃ pūjayitvā tathā dvijān |
upaspṛśya ca tatraiva prahṛṣṭo musalāyudhaḥ || 2 ||

Having distributed profuse wealth and worshipped the Brahmanas, the hero, having the plow for his weapon, bathed there and was filled with joy.

तत्र धर्मपरो भूत्वा त्रितःस सुमहातपाः ।
कूपे च वसतातेन सोमः पीतोमहात्मना ॥ ३॥

tatra dharmaparo bhūtvā tritaḥ sa sumahātapāḥ |
kūpe ca vasatā tena somaḥ pīto mahātmanā || 3 ||

Being devoted to righteousness, the great ascetic Tritha, filled with immense penance, fell into the well, where the noble soul drank Soma (divine nectar).

तत्र चैनं समुत्सृज्यभ्रातरौ जग्मतुर्गृहान् ।
ततस्तौ वै शशापाथत्रितो ब्राह्मणसत्तमः ॥४॥

tatra cainaṃ samutsṛjya bhrātarau jagmaturgṛhān |
tatastau vai śaśāpātha trito brāhmaṇasattamaḥ || 4||

There, his two brothers abandoned him and returned home. Then, the noble Brahmin Trita cursed them.

जनमेजय उवाच
उदपानं कथं ब्रह्मन्कथं च सुमहातपाः।
पतितः किं चसंत्यक्तो भ्रातृभ्यां द्विजसत्तम ॥५ ॥

janamejaya uvāca
udapānaṃ kathaṃ brahman kathaṃ ca sumahātapāḥ |
patitaḥ kiṃ ca saṃtyakto bhrātṛbhyāṃ dvijasattama || 5 ||

"What is the origin of Udapana? How did the great ascetic Trita fall into a well there? Why was that foremost of Brahmanas left into that well by his brothers?

कूपे कथं चहित्वैनं भ्रातुरौ जग्मुतुर्गृहान् ।
कथं च याजयामासपपौ सोमं त वै कथम्॥ ६ ॥
एतदाचक्ष्व मे ब्रह्मञ्श्रोतव्यंयदि मन्यसे ।

kūpe kathaṃ ca hitvainaṃ bhrāturau jagmuturgṛhān |
kathaṃ ca yājayāmāsa papau somaṃ ta vai katham || 6 ||
etadācakṣva me brahmañśrotavyaṃ yadi manyase |

How did they leave him in the well and return home? How did he perform the sacrifice, and how did he drink the Soma? Describe all this, O Brahmana, if you think I am worthy of listening to it.

वैशम्पायन उवाच
आसन् पूर्वयुगे राजन् मुनयोभ्रातरस्त्रयः ॥ ७॥
एकतश्च द्वितश्चैव त्रितश्चादित्य संनिभाः।

vaiśampāyana uvāca
āsan pūrvayuge rājan munayo bhrātarastrayaḥ || 7 ||
ekataśca dvitaścaiva tritaścāditya saṃnibhāḥ |

Vaishampayana said
In ancient times, O King, there were three brothers who were sages, Ekata, Dwita, and Trita, radiant like the sun.

सर्वे प्रजापतिसमाः प्रजावन्तस्तथैव च॥ ८ ॥
ब्रह्मलोकजिताःसर्वे तपसा ब्रह्मवादिनः।
तेषां तु तपसाप्रीतो नियमेन दमेनच ॥ ९ ॥

sarve prajāpatisamāḥ prajāvantastathaiva ca || 8 ||
brahmalokajitāḥ sarve tapasā brahmavādinaḥ |
teṣāṃ tu tapasā prīto niyamena damena ca || 9 ||

All of them were like the Prajapatis, possessing progeny, conquerors of Brahmaloka, ascetics, and followers of Brahma's teachings. Pleased by their penance, they adhered to rules, discipline, and self-control.

अभवद् गौतमो नित्यंपिता धर्मरतः सदा।
स तु दीर्घेणकालेन तेषां प्रीतिमवाप्यच ॥ १० ॥

abhavad gautamo nityaṃ pitā dharmarataḥ sadā |
sa tu dīrgheṇa kālena teṣāṃ prītimavāpya ca || 10 ||

For their penances, vows, and self-restraint, their father, the virtuous Gautama, became highly pleased with them.

जगाम् भगवान् स्थानमनुरूपमिवात्मन: ।
राजानस्तस्य ये ह्यासान्याज्या राजन् महात्मनः॥ ११॥

jagām bhagavān sthānamanurūpamivātmana: |
rājānastasya ye hyāsān yājyā rājan mahātmanaḥ || 11||

Exceptionally pleased with his sons, the worshipful Gautama finally left this world for a region fit for him after living a long life here.

ते सर्वे स्वर्गतेतस्मिंस्तस्य पुत्रानपूजयन् ।
तेषां तु कर्मणाराजंस्तथा चाध्ययनेन च ॥ १२ ॥

te sarve svargate tasmiṃstasya putrānapūjayan |
teṣāṃ tu karmaṇā rājaṃstathā cādhyayanena ca || 12 ||

Those kings, however, O king, who were the disciples of Gautama, continued to worship Gautama's sons after his ascension to heaven.

त्रितः स श्रेष्ठतांप्राप यथैवास्य पितातथा ।

tritaḥ sa śreṣṭhatāṃ prāpa yathaivāsya pitā tathā |

However, Trita, through his acts and Vedic studies, O king became the foremost, even like his father, Gautama.

तथा सर्वे महाभागमुनयः पुण्यलक्षणा ॥१३ ॥
अपूजयन् महाभागं यथास्य पितरंतथा ।

tathā sarve mahābhāga munayaḥ puṇyalakṣaṇā || 13 ||
apūjayan mahābhāgaṃ yathāsya pitaraṃ tathā |

Then, all the great and pious ascetics began to worship Trita as they had worshipped his father, Gautama, before him.

कदाचिद्धि ततो राजन्भ्रातरवेकतद्वितौ ।। १४।।
यज्ञार्थं चक्रतुश्चिन्तां तथा वित्तार्थमेवच।

kadāciddhi tato rājan bhrātaravekatadvitau || 14 ||
yajñārthaṃ cakratuścintāṃ tathā vittārthameva ca|

Once upon a time, the two brothers Ekata and Dwita considered celebrating a sacrifice and became anxious for wealth.

तयोर्बुद्धिःसमभवत् त्रितं गृह्यपरंतप ॥ १५ ॥
याज्यान् सर्वानुपादाय प्रतिगृह्य पशूंस्ततः।
सोमं पास्यामहे हृष्टाः प्राप्ययज्ञं महाफलम् ॥१६ ॥
चक्रुश्चैवं तथा राजन्भ्रातरस्त्रय एव च।

tayorbuddhiḥ samabhavat tritaṃ gṛhya paraṃtapa || 15 ||
yājyān sarvānupādāya pratigṛhya paśūṃstataḥ |
somaṃ pāsyāmahe hṛṣṭāḥ prāpya yajñaṃ mahāphalam || 16 ||
cakruścaivaṃ tathā rājan bhrātarastraya eva ca|

Between them arose the thought, O tormentor of enemies, to perform the sacrifice, they collected all the necessary materials and animals. They said joyfully, 'We shall drink Soma and attain the great fruits of the sacrifice.' Thus, the three brothers decided, O King.

तथा ते तुपरिक्रम्य याज्यान् सर्वान् पशून्प्रति ॥ १७ ॥
याजयित्वा ततो याज्याँल्लळवातु सुबहून पशून्।
याज्येन कर्मणा तेनप्रतिगृह्य विधानतः ॥ १८ ॥
प्राचीं दिशं महात्मानआज्गमुस्ते महर्षयः ।

tathā te tu parikramya yājyān sarvān paśūn prati || 17 ||
yājayitvā tato yājyāṁllaḻavā tu subahūna paśūn|
yājyena karmaṇā tena pratigṛhya vidhānataḥ || 18 ||
prācīṃ diśaṃ mahātmāna ājgamuste maharṣayaḥ |

Calling upon all their disciples for animals, helping them in their sacrifices, and receiving many animals as gifts for their priestly services, those high-souled and great Rishis came towards the east.

त्रितस्तेषांमहाराज पुरस्ताद् यातिहृष्टवत् ॥ १९॥
एकतश्च द्वितश्चैव पृष्टतः कालयन्पशून् ।

tritasteṣāṃ mahārāja purastād yāti hṛṣṭavat || 19 ||
ekataśca dvitaścaiva pṛṣṭataḥ kālayan paśūn |

Trita, O king, was cheerfully walking before them. Ekata and Dwita were in his rear, conducting the animals.

तयोश्चिन्ता समभवद् दृष्ट्वापशुगणं महत् ॥ २०॥
कथं च स्युरिमागाव आवाभ्यां हिविना त्रितम् ।

tayościntā samabhavad dṛṣṭvā paśugaṇaṃ mahat || 20||
kathaṃ ca syurimā gāva āvābhyāṃ hi vinā tritam |

Seeing that large herd of animals, they began to consider how they could appropriate that property without giving Trita a share.

तावन्योन्यं समाभाष्य एकतश्च द्वितश्चह ।। २१ ।
यदूचतुर्मिथःपापौ तन्निबोध जनेश्वर।

tāvanyonyaṃ samābhāṣya ekataśca dvitaśca ha || 21 |
yadūcaturmithaḥ pāpau tannibodha janeśvara |

Hear, O king, what those two sinful wretches, Ekata and Dwita, said to each other.

त्रितो यज्ञेषु कुशलस्त्रितो वेदेषुनिष्ठितः ॥ २२॥
अन्यास्तु बहुला गावस्त्रितःसमुपलप्स्यते ।

trito yajñeṣu kuśalastrito vedeṣu niṣṭhitaḥ || 22||
anyāstu bahulā gāvastritaḥ samupalapsyate |

They said, "Trita is a clever priest. Trita is well-read in the Vedas. Trita is capable of earning many other kine.

तदावां सहितौ भूत्वागाः प्रकाल्य व्रजावहे॥ २३ ॥
त्रितोऽपि गच्छतां कममावभ्यां वैविना कृतः ।

tadāvāṃ sahitau bhūtvā gāḥ prakālya vrajāvahe || 23 ||
trito'pi gacchatāṃ kamamāvabhyāṃ vai vinā kṛtaḥ |

Let us two, therefore, go away, taking the kine with us. Let Trita go wherever he likes without being in our company."

तेषामागच्छतांरात्रौ पथिस्थानां वृकोऽभवत्॥ २४ ॥
तत्र कूपोऽविदूरेऽभूत् सरस्वत्यास्तटे महान्।

teṣāmāgacchatāṃ rātrau pathisthānāṃ vṛko'bhavat || 24 ||
tatra kūpo'vidūre'bhūt sarasvatyāstaṭe mahān|

On their way, during the night, a wolf appeared on the path. Nearby was a well on the great bank of the Sarasvati River.

अद्य त्रितो वृकंदृष्ट्वा पथि तिष्ठन्तमग्रतः॥ २५ ॥
तद्भयादपसर्पन्वै तस्मिन् कूपेपपात ह ।

adya trito vṛkaṃ dṛṣṭvā pathi tiṣṭhantamagrataḥ || 25 ||
tadbhayādapasarpan vai tasmin kūpe papāta ha |

Trita, who was going in front, saw the wolf, ran in fear, and fell into that well.

अगाधे सुमहाघोरे सर्वभूतभयंकरे ॥२६ ॥
त्रितस्ततो महाराज कूपस्थोमुनिसत्तमः ।

agādhe sumahāghore sarvabhūtabhayaṃkare || 26 ||
tritastato mahārāja kūpastho munisattamaḥ |

That hole was deep, terrible, and capable of terrifying all creatures. Then Trita, O king, that best of ascetics, from within that hole, began to bewail.

आर्तनाद ततश्चक्रे तौ तु शुश्रुवतुर्मुनी ॥ २७ ॥
तं ज्ञात्वा पतितं कूपे भ्रातरावेकतद्वितौ।
वृकत्रासाच लोभाच्च समुत्सृज्य प्रजग्मतुः ॥ २८ ॥

ārtanāda tataścakre tau tu śuśruvaturmunī || 27 ||
taṃ jñātvā patitaṃ kūpe bhrātarāvekatadvitau|
vṛkatrāsāca lobhācca samutsṛjya prajagmatuḥ || 28 ||

Upon hearing the loud cry, the two brothers, Ekata and Dwita, realized their brother had fallen into the well. They abandoned him out of fear of the wolf and greed and quickly left.

भ्रातृभ्यां पशुलुब्धाभ्यामुत्सृष्टः स महातपाः ।
उदपाने तदा राजन् निर्जले पांसुसंवृते ॥ २९ ॥
त्रित आत्मानमालक्ष्य कूपे वीरुतृणावृते ।

bhrātṛbhyāṃ paśulubdhābhyāmutsṛṣṭaḥ sa mahātapāḥ |
udapāne tadā rājan nirjale pāṃsusaṃvṛte || 29 ||
trita ātmānamālakṣya kūpe vīrutṛṇāvṛte |

Thus, he was left behind by his two brothers, who were tempted to appropriate those animals, the great ascetic Trita, O king, while they were within that lonely pit covered with dust.

निमग्नं भरतश्रेष्ट नरके दुष्कृती यथा ॥ ३० ॥
स बुद्ध्यागणयत् प्राज्ञो मृत्योर्भीतो ह्यसोमपः ।

nimagnaṃ bharataśreṣṭa narake duṣkṛtī yathā || 30 ||
sa buddhyāgaṇayat prājño mṛtyorbhīto hyasomapaḥ |

O best of the Bharatas, just as a sinner sinks into hell, the wise one, afraid of death, considered his fate, for he had not drunk Soma.

सोमः कथं तु पातव्य इहस्थेन मया भवेत् ॥ ३१ ॥
स एवमभिनिश्चित्य तस्मिन् कूपे महातपाः ।

somaḥ kathaṃ tu pātavya ihasthena mayā bhavet || 31 ||
sa evamabhiniścitya tasmin kūpe mahātapāḥ |

How could someone drink Soma by being here like I am? Is it possible? Thinking so, the great ascetic became determined.

ददर्श वीरुधं तत्र लम्बमानां यदृच्छया ॥ ३२॥

dadarśa vīrudhaṃ tatra lambamānāṃ yadṛcchayā || 32||

While thinking thus, the tremendous ascetic, standing in that pit, beheld a creeper hanging down into it.

पांग्रस्ते ततः कूपे विचन्त्य सलिलं मुनिः ।
अग्नीन् संकल्पयामास होतॄनात्मानमेव च॥ ३३ ॥

pāṃgraste tataḥ kūpe vicantya salilaṃ muniḥ |
agnīn saṃkalpayāmāsa hotṝnātmānameva ca|| 33 ||

Although the pit was dry, the sage perceived the existence of water and sacrificial fires there, imagining himself the sacrificial priest.

ततस्तां वीरुधं सोमं संकल्प्य सुमहातपाः ।
ऋचो यजूंषि सामानि मनसा चिन्तयन् मुनिः ॥ ३४ ॥

tatastāṃ vīrudhaṃ somaṃ saṃkalpya sumahātapāḥ |
ṛco yajūṃṣi sāmāni manasā cintayan muniḥ || 34 ||

Then, contemplating the Soma plant, the great ascetic, with his mind focused, meditated on the hymns of the Rig, Yajur, and Sama Vedas.

ग्रावाणः शर्कराः कृत्वा प्रचक्रेऽभिषवं नृप ।
आज्यं च सलिलं चक्रे भागांश्च त्रिदिवौकसाम् ॥ ३५ ॥

grāvāṇaḥ śarkarāḥ kṛtvā pracakre'bhiṣavaṃ nṛpa |
ājyaṃ ca salilaṃ cakre bhāgāṃśca tridivaukasām || 35 ||

Trita converted pebbles lying there into sugar grains (in imagination). He, then, O king, (mentally) performed his ablutions. He took the water for the clarified butter.

ससोमस्याभिषवं कृत्वा चकार विपुल ध्वनिम् ।
चाविशद् दिवं राजन् पुनः शब्दस्त्रितस्य वै ॥ ३६॥
समवाप्य च तं यज्ञ यथोक्तं ब्रह्मावादिभिः ।

sasomasyābhiṣavaṃ kṛtvā cakāra vipula dhvanim |
cāviśad divaṃ rājan punaḥ śabdastritasya vai || 36||
samavāpya ca taṃ yajña yathoktaṃ brahmāvādibhiḥ |

He distributed their respective shares (of those sacrificial offerings) amongst the celestials. Having next mentally drunk Soma, he began to make a great noise. Those sounds, O king, first uttered by the sacrificing Rishi, entered into heaven, and Trita performed that sacrifice after the manner laid down by Brahmavadins.

वर्तमाने महायज्ञे त्रितस्य सुमहात्मनः ।। ३७ ।।
आविग्नं त्रिदिवं सर्वं कारणं च न बुद्ध्यते ।
ततः सुतुमुलं शब्दं शुश्रावाथ बृहस्पतिः ॥ ३८ ॥

vartamāne mahāyajñe tritasya sumahātmanaḥ || 37 ||
āvignaṃ tridivaṃ sarvaṃ kāraṇaṃ ca na buddhyate |
tataḥ sutumulaṃ śabdaṃ śuśrāvātha bṛhaspatiḥ || 38 ||

During the celebration of the great Trita's sacrifice, the entire region of the celestials was agitated. None knew the cause, however. Brihaspati heard that loud noise.

या चैवाब्रवीत सर्वान् देवान् देवपुरोहितः ।
त्रितस्य वर्तते यज्ञस्तत्र गच्छामहे सुराः ॥ ३९ ॥

yā caivābravīta sarvān devān devapurohitaḥ |
tritasya vartate yajñastatra gacchāmahe surāḥ || 39 ||

The priest of the celestials said to them:- "Trita is performing a sacrifice. We must go there, you celestials.

स हि क्रुद्धः सृजेदन्यान् देवानपि महातपाः ।
तच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं तस्य सहिताः सर्वदेवताः ॥ ४० ॥

sa hi kruddhaḥ sṛjedanyān devānapi mahātapāḥ |
tacchrutvā vacanaṃ tasya sahitāḥ sarvadevatāḥ || 40 ||

He is gifted with great ascetic merit. If willing, he can create other celestials."

प्रययुस्तत्र यत्रासौ त्रितयज्ञः प्रवर्तते ।
ते तत्र गत्वा विबुधास्तं कूपं यत्र स त्रितः ॥४१॥

prayayustatra yatrāsau tritayajñaḥ pravartate |
te tatra gatvā vibudhāstaṃ kūpaṃ yatra sa tritaḥ ||41||

They went there, where yagya was performed. Having arrived at that place, the wise beings approached the well where Trita was.

ददृशुस्तं महात्मानं दीक्षितं यज्ञकर्मसु ।
दृष्ट्वा चैनं महात्मानं श्रिया परमया युतम् ॥ ४२ ॥

dadṛśustaṃ mahātmānaṃ dīkṣitaṃ yajñakarmasu |
dṛṣṭvā cainaṃ mahātmānaṃ śriyā paramayā yutam || 42 ||

Having proceeded to that spot, the gods beheld the great ascetic performing his sacrifice.

ऊचुश्चैनं महाभागं प्राप्ता भागार्थिनो वयम् ।
अथाब्रवीदृषिर्देवान् पश्यध्वं मां दिवौकसः ॥ ४३ ॥

ūcuścainaṃ mahābhāgaṃ prāptā bhāgārthino vayam |
athābravīdṛṣirdevān paśyadhvaṃ māṃ divaukasaḥ || 43 ||

Beholding that tremendous beautiful ascetic, the gods addressed him, saying - "We have come for our shares (in your offerings).

अस्मिन् प्रतिभये कूपे निमग्नं नष्टचेतसम् ।
ततस्त्रितो महाराज भागांस्तेषां यथाविधि ॥ ४४॥

asmin pratibhaye kūpe nimagnaṃ naṣṭacetasam |
tatastrito mahārāja bhāgāṃsteṣāṃ yathāvidhi || 44||

The Rishi said to them - "Behold me, you denizens of heaven, fallen into this terrible pit almost deprived of my senses.'

मन्त्रयुक्तान् समददत् ते च प्रीतास्तदाभवन् ।

mantrayuktān samadadat te ca prītāstadābhavan |

Then Trita, O monarch, duly allotted their shares with proper mantras to them. The gods took them and were incredibly delighted. Having duly received their respective shares, the denizens of heaven, pleased with him, granted him the boons he wanted.

ततो यथाविधि प्राप्तान् भागान् प्राप्य दिवौकसः ॥ ४५॥
प्रीतात्मानो ददुस्तस्मै वरान् यान् मनसेच्छति ।

tato yathāvidhi prāptān bhāgān prāpya divaukasaḥ || 45||
prītātmāno dadustasmai varān yān manasecchati |

The boon, however, that he prayed for was that the gods should relieve him from his painful condition.

स तु वव्रे वरं देवांस्त्रातुमर्हथ मामितः ॥ ४६ ॥
यश्चेहोपस्पृशेत् कूपे स सोमपगतिं लभेत्।

sa tu vavre varaṃ devāṃstrātumarhatha māmitaḥ || 46 ||
yaścehopaspṛśet kūpe sa somapagatiṃ labhet|

He also said, "Let him that bathes in this well achieve the end attained by persons that have drunk Soma.'

तत्र चोर्मिमती राजन्नुत्पपात सरस्वती ॥ ४७ ॥
तयोत्क्षिप्तः समुत्तस्थौ पूजयंस्त्रिदिवौकसः ।

tatra cormimatī rājannutpapāta sarasvatī || 47 ||
tayotkṣiptaḥ samuttasthau pūjayaṃstridivaukasaḥ |

Thereat, O king, the Sarasvati with her waves, appeared within that well. Raised above by her, Trita came up and worshipped the celestials.

तथेति चोक्त्वा विबुधा जग्मू राजन् यथागताः ॥ ४८ ॥
त्रितश्चाभ्यागमत् प्रीतः स्वमेव निलयं तदा ।

tatheti coktvā vibudhā jagmū rājan yathāgatāḥ || 48 ||
tritaścābhyāgamat prītaḥ svameva nilayaṃ tadā |

The gods said to him - "Be it as you wish." Then, O king, all of them returned to their respective habitations, and Trita, filled with joy, proceeded to his abode.

क्रुद्धस्तु स समासाद्य तावृषी भ्रातरौ तदा ॥ ४९ ॥
उवाच परुषं वाक्यं शशाप च महातपाः ।

kruddhastu sa samāsādya tāvṛṣī bhrātarau tadā || 49 ||
uvāca paruṣaṃ vākyaṃ śaśāpa ca mahātapāḥ |

Meeting with those two Rishi brothers, he became enraged with them. Endued with ascetic merit, he spoke harshly to them and cursed them, saying.

पशुलुब्धौ युवां यस्मान्मामुत्सृज्य प्रधावितौ ॥ ५० ॥
तस्माद् वृकाकृती रौद्रौ दंष्ट्रिणावभितश्च ।
भवितारौ मया शप्तौ पापेनानेन कर्मणा ॥ ५१||

paśulubdhau yuvāṃ yasmānmāmutsṛjya pradhāvitau || 50 ||
tasmād vṛkākṛtī raudrau daṃṣṭriṇāvabhitaśca |
bhavitārau mayā śaptau pāpenānena karmaṇā || 51||

Acting by selfishness, you ran away, leaving me. Therefore, you shall become dreadful wolves with sharp teeth and range the forest I cursed because of your sinful act.

प्रसवश्चैव युवयोर्गोलाङ्गलर्क्षवानराः ।
इत्युक्तेन तदा तेन क्षणादेव विशाम्पते ॥ ५२ ॥
तथाभूतावदृश्येतां वचनात् सत्यवादिनः।

prasavaścaiva yuvayorgolāṅgalarkṣavānarāḥ |
ityuktena tadā tena kṣaṇādeva viśāmpate || 52 ||
tathābhūtāvadṛśyetāṃ vacanāt satyavādinaḥ|

Your offspring will also be leopards and bears and apes!' After Trita had said these words, O monarch and his two brothers were soon transformed into tigers because of the curse of that truthful sage.

तत्राप्यमितविक्रान्तः स्पृष्ट्वा तोयं हलायुधः ॥ ५३ ॥
दत्त्वा च विविधान् दायान् पूजयित्वा च वै द्विजान् ।
उदपानं च तं वीक्ष्य प्रशस्य च पुनः पुनः ॥ ५४ ॥

tatrāpyamitavikrāntaḥ spṛṣṭvā toyaṃ halāyudhaḥ || 53 ||
dattvā ca vividhān dāyān pūjayitvā ca vai dvijān |
udapānaṃ ca taṃ vīkṣya praśasya ca punaḥ punaḥ || 54 ||

The mighty Baladeva touched the waters of Udapana, gave away various wealth there, and worshipped many Brahmanas.

नदीगतमदीनात्मा प्राप्तो विनशनं तदा ॥ ५५ ॥

nadīgatamadīnātmā prāpto vinaśanaṃ tadā || 55 ||

Beholding Upadana and praising it repeatedly, Baladeva proceeded to Vinashana, also on the Sarasvati.

Wednesday, January 15, 2025

Who was Bhima and what did he look like?

Who was Bhima?

Bhima is one of the central figures in the Indian epic Mahabharata, known for his unmatched strength, fierce loyalty, and larger-than-life persona. He is the second of the five Pandava brothers, born to Queen Kunti through the blessings of the wind god, Vayu, which explains his immense physical power and invincible spirit.

Bhima facts

  • Bhima is regarded as the strongest of the Pandavas, capable of defeating demons, lifting mountains, and uprooting trees.
  • His insatiable hunger is legendary, earning him the nickname "Vrikodara" (wolf-bellied).
  • Bhima was fiercely protective of his family, especially Draupadi, his shared wife with the other Pandavas.
  • Known for his fiery temper, he was quick to retaliate against injustice but was also brave and compassionate.
  • Bhima defeated several powerful demons, including Hidimba (whose sister, Hidimbi, he later married) and Bakasura, who terrorized villages.
  • Bhima's most significant personal rivalry was with his cousin Duryodhana, the eldest of the Kauravas. Bhima ultimately defeated Duryodhana in a brutal mace fight during the Kurukshetra War, breaking his thighs and fulfilling Draupadi’s vow of vengeance.
  • During the Pandavas' 13-year exile, Bhima protected his family and performed heroic feats, including defeating Kichaka, a lustful commander who harassed Draupadi.
  • Bhima was a key warrior in the Great War. He slew all 100 Kaurava brothers, including Dushasana, whose blood he drank to fulfill an oath to avenge Draupadi’s humiliation.
  • Bhima is not only celebrated for his physical might but also for his unwavering sense of justice and his role in restoring dharma (righteousness) alongside his brothers and Krishna. His life serves as a powerful reminder of resilience, strength, and devotion to family.


a picture of Bhima


What did Bhima look like?

Facial Features

  • Bhima's face is rugged yet regal, marked by sharp cheekbones and a strong, angular jawline.
  • His eyes burn with a fiery intensity, often compared to lightning flashing across the sky during a storm.
  • His forehead bears the marks of a true Kshatriya warrior, radiating determination and fierce resolve.
  • His thick, dark eyebrows frame his piercing gaze, adding to his commanding presence.
  • His lips, firm and determined, curl into a smirk of confidence during battles.


Hair

  • His hair is wild and flowing, cascading down his back in thick, untamed waves, much like the unyielding currents of a mighty river.
  • Often tied loosely during combat, strands of his dark locks fly freely as he moves with unparalleled vigor.


Attire and Armor

  • In battle, Bhima dons a gleaming golden breastplate adorned with intricate carvings of lions and tigers, symbolizing his ferocity and invulnerability.
  • His armlets and anklets are studded with precious gems, their shine reflecting his noble lineage.
  • A red silk dhoti flows around his powerful legs, tied with a golden belt that holds his weapons of destruction.
  • He often carries a tiger-skin cloak draped across his shoulders, emphasizing his primal strength.


Weapons

  • Bhima wields a massive iron mace (gada), his signature weapon, which he swings with effortless might. Its head is spiked and capable of pulverizing entire armies.
  • He is also skilled with swords, spears, and bare-handed combat, capable of overpowering foes with sheer brute strength.


Aura and Demeanor

  • Bhima’s presence is overwhelming—his very appearance strikes fear into the hearts of enemies.
  • His laughter is deep and thunderous, echoing across the battlefield and demoralizing adversaries.
  • Though his rage in battle is unstoppable, he is deeply loyal and protective, a gentle giant to his loved ones.
  • His gait is purposeful and commanding, with each step shaking the ground like an earthquake.


Symbolism

  • Bhima is often associated with the power of Vayu (the wind god), his celestial father. His movements are as swift and devastating as a storm, unstoppable in their force.
  • His appetite, both for food and combat, is legendary. He is described as devouring immense quantities of food and enemies alike.


Expression in Battle

  • In the heat of battle, Bhima’s eyes blaze like twin suns, his roars resounding like the crash of thunder.
  • Blood stains his armor, and his mace swings like the arm of death, leaving destruction in its wake.
  • Despite his fury, his focus remains sharp, and his sense of duty toward his family and dharma is unwavering.


Sunday, January 12, 2025

Yudhishthira Praises Krishna (ch62)

CHAPTER 62
(Gadayuddha Parva ) – Continued. 

Yudhishthira Praises Krishna


SYNOPSIS


After the Kurukshetra War, the Pandavas and their allies return to the battlefield camp to reclaim their spoils of war and reflect on the events of the battle. The scene is set with an air of both triumph and solemnity as they visit the now desolate pavilion of Duryodhana, bereft of its former splendor. The Pandavas, accompanied by Krishna, Satyaki, and other warriors, secure the wealth and possessions left behind by the defeated Kauravas.

A remarkable event unfolds when Krishna instructs Arjuna to descend from his chariot before him. As Krishna steps down, the divine chariot, previously held together by Krishna's divine presence, is consumed by fire. Krishna explains that the celestial weapons of Drona and Karna had already destroyed the chariot during battle, but his presence had preserved it until victory was achieved. This miraculous event emphasizes Krishna's divine role in protecting the Pandavas and ensuring their success.

Krishna then reminds Yudhishthira of their hard-won victory and attributes their survival and triumph to divine intervention. Yudhishthira, deeply grateful, praises Krishna for his unwavering support and acknowledges that righteousness and victory always accompany Krishna.

After securing the wealth of the Kauravas, the Pandavas decide to rest by the sacred river Oghavati. Yudhishthira, reflecting on the events, resolves to visit Hastinapura to pacify Gandhari, the grieving mother of the Kauravas, and consoles her with wisdom and compassion. Krishna is sent ahead to comfort Gandhari and ensure harmony.

This narrative encapsulates themes of divine intervention, gratitude, the fleeting nature of material wealth, and the importance of reconciliation after conflict. It highlights Krishna's pivotal role in the war and the Pandavas’ commitment to fulfilling their moral obligations even after their victory.


CHAPTER 62


संजय उवाच
ततस्ते प्रययुः सर्वे निवासाय महीक्षितः ।
शङ्खान् प्रध्मापयन्तो वै हृष्टाः परिघबाहवः ॥ १॥
 
saṃjaya uvāca
tataste prayayuḥ sarve nivāsāya mahīkṣitaḥ |
śaṅkhān pradhmāpayanto vai hṛṣṭāḥ parighabāhavaḥ || 1||
 
Sanjaya said
"All those kings, having arms resembling spiked bludgeons, then went towards their tents, overflowing with joy and blowing their conchs on their way.

पाण्डवान् गच्छतश्चापि शिबिरं नो विशाम्पते ।
महेष्वासोऽन्वगात् पश्चाद् युयुत्सुः सात्यकिस्तथा ॥ २ ॥
धृष्टद्युम्नः शिखण्डी च द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्वशः ।
सर्वे चान्ये महेष्वासाः प्रययुः शिविराण्युत ॥ ३ ॥

pāṇḍavān gacchataścāpi śibiraṃ no viśāmpate |
maheṣvāso’nvagāt paścād yuyutsuḥ sātyakistathā || 2 ||
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca draupadeyāśca sarvaśaḥ |
sarve cānye maheṣvāsāḥ prayayuḥ śivirāṇyuta || 3 ||

The Pandavas also, O king, proceeded towards our tents. The great bowmen Yuyutsu followed them, as did Satyaki, Dhrishtadyumna, Shikhandin, and the five sons of Draupadi. The other great bowmen also went towards our tents.

ततस्ते प्राविशन् पार्था हतत्विट्कं हतेश्वरम् ।
दुर्योधनस्य शिविरं रङ्गवद्विसृते जने ॥ ४ ॥

tataste prāviśan pārthā hatatviṭkaṃ hateśvaram |
duryodhanasya śiviraṃ raṅgavadvisṛte jane || 4 ||

The Parthas then entered the tent of Duryodhana, shorn of its splendors and bereft of its master, and looking like a pleasure- ground deserted by spectators.

गतोत्सवं पुरमिव हतनागमिव ह्रदम् ।
स्त्रीवर्षवरभूयिष्ठं वृद्धामात्यैरधिष्ठितम्॥ ५ ॥

gatotsavaṃ puramiva hatanāgamiva hradam |
strīvarṣavarabhūyiṣṭhaṃ vṛddhāmātyairadhiṣṭhitam|| 5 ||

That pavilion looked like a city void of festivities or a lake without its elephant. It was filled with women and eunuchs and aged counselors.

तत्रैतान् पर्युपातिष्ठन् दुर्योधनपुरःसराः ।
कृताञ्जलिपुटा राजन् काषायमलिनाम्बराः ॥ ६ ॥

tatraitān paryupātiṣṭhan duryodhanapuraḥsarāḥ |
kṛtāñjalipuṭā rājan kāṣāyamalināmbarāḥ || 6 ||

Duryodhana and other heroes, dressed in yellow raiment, formerly used, O king, to wait reverentially, with joined hands, on those old counselors.

शिबिरं समनुप्राप्य कुरुराजस्य पाण्डवा: ।
अवतेरुर्महाराज रथेभ्यो रथसत्तमाः ॥ ७ ॥

śibiraṃ samanuprāpya kururājasya pāṇḍavā: |
avaterurmahārāja rathebhyo rathasattamāḥ || 7 ||

Arriving at the pavilion of the Kuru king, the Pandavas, those foremost of car-warriors, O king, got down from their cars.

ततो गाण्डीवधन्वानमभ्यभाषत केशवः ।
स्थितः प्रियहिते नित्यमतीव भरतर्षभ ॥ ८॥
अवरोपय गाण्डीवमक्षयौ च महेषुधी ।
अथाहमवरोक्ष्यामि पश्चाद् भरतसत्तम ॥ ९ ॥

tato gāṇḍīvadhanvānamabhyabhāṣata keśavaḥ |
sthitaḥ priyahite nityamatīva bharatarṣabha || 8||
avaropaya gāṇḍīvamakṣayau ca maheṣudhī |
athāhamavarokṣyāmi paścād bharatasattama || 9 ||

Ever engaged, in the good of his friend, Keshava, addressed the holder of Gandiva, saying, "Take down your Gandiva as also the two inexhaustible quivers. I shall get down after you, O best of the Bharatas."

स्वयं चैवावरोह त्वमेतच्छ्रेयस्तवानघ ।
तच्चाकरोत् तथा वीरः पाण्डुपुत्रो धनंजयः ॥ १० ॥

svayaṃ caivāvaroha tvametacchreyastavānagha |
taccākarot tathā vīraḥ pāṇḍuputro dhanaṃjayaḥ || 10 ||

Get down, for this is for your good, O sinless one! ' -- Pandu's brave son, Dhananjaya, did as he was directed.

अथ पश्चात् ततः कृष्णो रश्मीनुत्सृज्य वाजिनाम् ।
अवरोहत मेधावी रथाद् गाण्डीवधन्वनः ॥ ११॥

atha paścāt tataḥ kṛṣṇo raśmīnutsṛjya vājinām |
avarohata medhāvī rathād gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ || 11||

leaving the reins of the horses the intelligent Krishna then got down from the car of Dhananjaya.

अथातवतीर्णे भूतानामीश्वरे सुमहात्मनि ।
कपरन्तर्दधे दिव्य ध्वजो गाण्डीवधन्वनः ॥ १२ ॥

athātavatīrṇe bhūtānāmīśvare sumahātmani |
kaparantardadhe divya dhvajo gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ || 12 ||

After the great Lord of all creatures had gotten down from that car, the celestial Ape that was on the standard of Arjuna's car disappeared there and then.

सदग्धो द्रोणकर्णाभ्यां दिव्यैरस्त्रैर्महारथः ।
अथादीप्तोऽग्निना ह्याशु प्रजज्वाल महीपते ॥ १३ ॥

sadagdho droṇakarṇābhyāṃ divyairastrairmahārathaḥ |
athādīpto’gninā hyāśu prajajvāla mahīpate || 13 ||

That great car then, which had before been burnt by Drona and Karna with their celestial weapons, quickly caught fire, O king, without anything being seen there.

सोपासङ्गः सरश्मिश्च साश्वः सयुगबन्धुरः ।
भस्मीभूतोऽपतद्भूमौ रथो गाण्डीवधन्वनः ॥ १४ ॥

sopāsaṅgaḥ saraśmiśca sāśvaḥ sayugabandhuraḥ |
bhasmībhūto’patadbhūmau ratho gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ || 14 ||

Indeed, the car of Dhananjaya, with its quivers, reins, horses, yoke, and shaft, fell, all reduced to ashes.

तं तथा भस्मभूतं तु दृष्ट्वा पाण्डुसुताः प्रभो ।
अभवन् विस्मिता राजन्नर्जुनश्चेदमब्रवीत् ।। १५ ।।
कृताञ्जलिः सप्रणयं प्रणिपत्याभिवाद्य ह ।
गोविन्द कस्माद् भगवन् रथोदग्धोऽयमग्निना ॥ १६ ॥

taṃ tathā bhasmabhūtaṃ tu dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍusutāḥ prabho |
abhavan vismitā rājannarjunaścedamabravīt || 15 ||
kṛtāñjaliḥ sapraṇayaṃ praṇipatyābhivādya ha |
govinda kasmād bhagavan rathodagdho’yamagninā || 16 ||

Seeing the vehicle thus reduced to ashes, O lord, the sons of Pandu filled with wonder, and Arjuna, O king, having saluted Krishna and bowed unto him, said these words, with joined hands, 'O Govinda, O divine one, why has fire consumed this car?

किमेतन्महदाश्चर्यमभवद् यदुनन्दन।
तन्मे ब्रूहि महाबाहो श्रोतव्यं यदि मन्यसे ॥ १७ ॥

kimetanmahadāścaryamabhavad yadunandana|
tanme brūhi mahābāho śrotavyaṃ yadi manyase || 17 ||

What is this highly wonderful incident that has taken place before our eyes? O you of mighty arms, if you think I can hear it without injury, tell me everything."

वासुदेव उवाच
अस्त्रैर्बहुविधैर्दग्धः पूर्वमेवायमर्जुन ।
मदधिष्ठितत्त्वात् समरे न विशीर्णः परंतप ॥ १८ ॥

vāsudeva uvāca
astrairbahuvidhairdagdhaḥ pūrvamevāyamarjuna |
madadhiṣṭhitattvāt samare na viśīrṇaḥ paraṃtapa || 18 ||

Vasudeva said
That car, O Arjuna, had already been consumed by various sorts of weapons. It was because I had sat upon it during the battle that it did not break into pieces, O destroyer of foes.
 
इदानीं तु विशीर्णोऽयं दग्धो ब्रह्मास्त्रतेजा ।
या विमुक्तः कौन्तेय त्वय्यद्य कृतकर्मणि ॥ १९ ॥

idānīṃ tu viśīrṇo’yaṃ dagdho brahmāstratejā |
yā vimuktaḥ kaunteya tvayyadya kṛtakarmaṇi || 19 ||

Previously consumed by the power of Brahma weapons, it has been reduced to ashes upon my leaving it after you had achieved your object.

ईषदुत्स्मयमास्तु भगवान् केशवोऽरिहा ।
परिष्वज्य च राजानं युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥ २० ॥
दिष्ट्या जयसि कौन्तेय दिष्ट्याते शत्रवो जिताः ।
दिया गाण्डीवधन्वा च भीमसेनश्च पाण्डवः ॥ २१ ॥
त्वं चापि कुशली राजन् माद्रीपुत्रो च पाण्डवौ ।
मुक्ता वीरक्षयादस्मात् संग्रामान्निहतद्विषः ॥ २२ ॥
क्षिप्रमुत्तरकालानि कुरु कार्याणि भारत।
उपायतमुपप्लव्यं सह गाण्डीवधन्वना ॥ २३ ॥

īṣadutsmayamāstu bhagavān keśavo’rihā |
pariṣvajya ca rājānaṃ yudhiṣṭhiramabhāṣata || 20 ||
diṣṭyā jayasi kaunteya diṣṭyāte śatravo jitāḥ |
diyā gāṇḍīvadhanvā ca bhīmasenaśca pāṇḍavaḥ || 21 ||
tvaṃ cāpi kuśalī rājan mādrīputro ca pāṇḍavau |
muktā vīrakṣayādasmāt saṃgrāmānnihatadviṣaḥ || 22 ||
kṣipramuttarakālāni kuru kāryāṇi bhārata|
upāyatamupaplavyaṃ saha gāṇḍīvadhanvanā || 23 ||

Then, with a little pride, Lord Keshava embracing King Yudhishthira, said to him, 'By good luck, you have gained the victory, O son of Kunti! By good luck, your enemies have been defeated! By good luck, the holder of Gandiva and Bhimasena the son of Pandu, and yourself, O king, and the two sons of Madri have escaped alive from this battle so destructive of heroes, after having killed all your foes! Speedily do, O Bharata, what should now be done!

आनीय मधुपर्कं मां यत् पुरा त्वमवोचथाः ।
एष भ्राता सखा चैव तव कृष्ण धनंजयः ॥ २४ ॥
रक्षितव्यो महाबाहो सर्वास्वापत्स्विति प्रभो ।
तव चैव ब्रुवाणस्य तथेत्येवाहमब्रुवम् ॥ २५ ॥
स सव्यसाची गुप्तस्ते विजयी च जनेश्वर ।

ānīya madhuparkaṃ māṃ yat purā tvamavocathāḥ |
eṣa bhrātā sakhā caiva tava kṛṣṇa dhanaṃjayaḥ || 24 ||
rakṣitavyo mahābāho sarvāsvāpatsviti prabho |
tava caiva bruvāṇasya tathetyevāhamabruvam || 25 ||
sa savyasācī guptaste vijayī ca janeśvara |

After I had arrived at Upaplavya, you the holder of Gandiva, gave me honey and the customary ingredients, and said, O Lord, This Dhananjaya, O Krishna, is your brother and friend! He should, therefore, be protected by you in all dangers!-To your these words I answered saying---So be it! That Savyasachin has always been protected by me. You have also gained victory, O king.
 
भ्रातृभिः सह राजेन्द्र शूरः सत्यपराक्रमः ॥ २६ ॥
मुक्तो वीरक्षयादस्मात् संग्रामाल्लोमहर्षणात् ।
एवमुक्तस्तु कृष्णेन धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥ २७ ॥
हृष्टरोमा महाराज प्रत्युवाच जनार्दनम् ।

bhrātṛbhiḥ saha rājendra śūraḥ satyaparākramaḥ || 26 ||
mukto vīrakṣayādasmāt saṃgrāmāllomaharṣaṇāt |
evamuktastu kṛṣṇena dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ || 27 ||
hṛṣṭaromā mahārāja pratyuvāca janārdanam |

With his brothers, O king of kings, that truly powerful hero, has come out alive of this dreadful battle, So destructive of heroes.'---Thus addressed by Krishna, king Yudhishthira with his hairs standing erect, O king, said to Janarddana.

युधिष्ठिर उवाच
प्रमुक्तं द्रोणकर्णाभ्यां ब्रह्मास्त्रमरिमर्दन ॥ २८ ॥
कस्त्वदन्यः सहेत् साक्षादपि वज्री पुरंदरः ।

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca
pramuktaṃ droṇakarṇābhyāṃ brahmāstramarimardana || 28 ||
kastvadanyaḥ sahet sākṣādapi vajrī puraṃdaraḥ |

Yudhishthira said
Who else, except you? O destroyer of foes, not even thunder-holding Purandara himself, could have withstood the Brahma weapons discharged by Drona and Karna!

भवतस्तु प्रसादेन संशप्तकगणा जिताः ॥ २९ ॥
महारणगतः पार्थो यच नासीत् पराङ्मुखः ।

bhavatastu prasādena saṃśaptakagaṇā jitāḥ || 29 ||
mahāraṇagataḥ pārtho yaca nāsīt parāṅmukhaḥ |

It was in your favor that the Samsaptakas were vanquished! It was in your favor that Partha had never to turn back from even the fiercest of battles!

तथैव च महाबाहो पर्यायैर्बहुभिर्मया ॥ ३० ॥
कर्मणामनुसंतानं तेजसश्च गतीः शुभाः ।
उपप्लव्ये महषिर्मे कृष्णद्वैपायनोऽब्रवीत्॥ ३१ ॥
यतो धर्मस्ततः कृष्णो यतः कृष्णस्ततो जयः ।

tathaiva ca mahābāho paryāyairbahubhirmayā || 30 ||
karmaṇāmanusaṃtānaṃ tejasaśca gatīḥ śubhāḥ |
upaplavye mahaṣirme kṛṣṇadvaipāyano’bravīt|| 31 ||
yato dharmastataḥ kṛṣṇo yataḥ kṛṣṇastato jayaḥ |

It was through your favor O mighty-armed one, that I, with my descendants, have, by performing various feats, obtained the auspicious end of prowess and energy! At Upaplavya, the Rishi Krishna-Dvaipayana told me that where there is Krishna righteousness and victory will be there."

इत्येवमुक्ते ते वीराः शिबिरं तव भारत ॥ ३२ ॥
प्रविश्य प्रत्यपद्यन्त कोशरत्नर्धिसंचयान् ।
रजतं जातरूपं च मणीनथ च मौक्तिकान् ॥ ३३ ॥
भूषणान्यथ मुख्यानि कम्बलान्यजिनानि च ।
दासीदासमसंख्येयं राज्योपकरणानि च ॥ ३४ ॥
ते प्राप्य धनमक्षय्यं त्वदीयं भरतर्षभ ।
उदक्रोशन्महाभागा नरेन्द्र विजितारयः ।। ३५ ।।

ityevamukte te vīrāḥ śibiraṃ tava bhārata || 32 ||
praviśya pratyapadyanta kośaratnardhisaṃcayān |
rajataṃ jātarūpaṃ ca maṇīnatha ca mauktikān || 33 ||
bhūṣaṇānyatha mukhyāni kambalānyajināni ca |
dāsīdāsamasaṃkhyeyaṃ rājyopakaraṇāni ca || 34 ||
te prāpya dhanamakṣayyaṃ tvadīyaṃ bharatarṣabha |
udakrośanmahābhāgā narendra vijitārayaḥ || 35 ||

Sanjaya continued
After this conversation, those heroes entered your son's encampment, and secured the weapons of the chest, many jewels, and much wealth, and silver and gold and gems and pearls and many rich ornaments and blankets and skins, and innumerable slaves male and female, and many other things required by kings. Having secured that inexhaustible wealth belonging to you, O foremost of Bharata's race, those highly blessed ones, whose enemies had been killed, uttered loud cries of joy.

ते तु वीराः समाश्वस्य वाहनान्यवमुच्य च।
अतिष्ठन्त मुहुः सर्वे पाण्डवाः सात्यकिस्तथा ॥ ३६ ॥

te tu vīrāḥ samāśvasya vāhanānyavamucya ca|
atiṣṭhanta muhuḥ sarve pāṇḍavāḥ sātyakistathā || 36 ||

Having unyoked their animals, Pandavas and Satyaki took rest there awhile.

अथाब्रवीन्महाराज वासुदेवो महायशाः ।
अस्माभिर्मङ्गलार्थाय वस्तव्यं शिबिराद् बहिः ॥ ३७ ॥
तथेत्युक्त्वा हि ते सर्वे पाण्डवाः सात्यकिस्तथा ।
वासुदेवेन सहिता मङ्गलार्थं बहिर्ययुः ।। ३८ ।।

athābravīnmahārāja vāsudevo mahāyaśāḥ |
asmābhirmaṅgalārthāya vastavyaṃ śibirād bahiḥ || 37 ||
tathetyuktvā hi te sarve pāṇḍavāḥ sātyakistathā |
vāsudevena sahitā maṅgalārthaṃ bahiryayuḥ || 38 ||

"Then the greatly renowned King Vasudeva (Krishna) said: 'For the sake of auspiciousness, we must stay outside the camp.' Agreeing to this, all the Pandavas, along with Satyaki, accompanied Vasudeva and went outside for the sake of auspiciousness.

ते समासाद्य सरितं पुण्यामोघवतीं नृप ।
न्यवसन्नथ तां रात्रिं पाण्डवा हतशत्रवः ॥ ३९ ॥

te samāsādya saritaṃ puṇyāmoghavatīṃ nṛpa |
nyavasannatha tāṃ rātriṃ pāṇḍavā hataśatravaḥ || 39 ||

Arrived on the banks of the sacred stream Oghavati, O king, the Pandavas, who had no enemies took up their quarters there for that night.

युधिष्ठिरस्ततो राजा प्राप्तकालमचिन्तयत्।
तत्र ते गमनं प्राप्तं रोचते तव माधव ॥ ४० ॥
गान्धार्याः क्रोधदीप्ताया: प्रशमार्थमरिंदम ।
हेतुकारणयुक्तैश्च वाक्यैः कालसमीरितैः ॥ ४१ ॥
क्षिप्रमेव महाभाग गान्धारीं प्रशमिष्यसि ।
पितामहश्च भगवान् व्यासस्तत्र भविष्यति ॥ ४२ ॥

yudhiṣṭhirastato rājā prāptakālamacintayat|
tatra te gamanaṃ prāptaṃ rocate tava mādhava || 40 ||
gāndhāryāḥ krodhadīptāyā: praśamārthamariṃdama |
hetukāraṇayuktaiśca vākyaiḥ kālasamīritaiḥ || 41 ||
kṣiprameva mahābhāga gāndhārīṃ praśamiṣyasi |
pitāmahaśca bhagavān vyāsastatra bhaviṣyati || 42 ||

King Yudhishthira then brought to his mind, the outright action with the time and said - O enemy suppressor Madhava! It appears all good to visit Hastinapura to pacify Gandhari who is burning with anger. O noble lord! You will only be able to pacify Gandhari by referring to reasonable and time-matching things to her. Our grandfather Vyasa will also be present there.

वैशम्पायन उवाच
ततः सम्प्रेषयामासुर्यादवं नागसाह्वयम् ।
स च प्रायाञ्जवेनाशुः वासुदेवः प्रतापवान् ॥ ४३ ॥
दारुकं रथमारोप्य येन राजाम्बिकासुतः ।

vaiśampāyana uvāca
tataḥ sampreṣayāmāsuryādavaṃ nāgasāhvayam |
sa ca prāyāñjavenāśuḥ vāsudevaḥ pratāpavān || 43 ||
dārukaṃ rathamāropya yena rājāmbikāsutaḥ |

They then sent Keshava to Hastinapura. The highly powerful Vasudeva causing Daruka to get into his car, proceeded very quickly to the place where the royal son of Ambika was.
 
तमूचुः सम्प्रयास्यन्तं शैव्यसुग्रीववाहनम्॥४४॥
प्रत्याश्वासय गान्धारीं हतपुत्रां यशस्विनीम् ।
स प्रायात् पाण्डवैरुक्तस्तत् पुरं सात्वतां वरः ॥
आससाद ततः क्षिप्रं गान्धारीं निहतात्मजाम् ॥ ४५॥

tamūcuḥ samprayāsyantaṃ śaivyasugrīvavāhanam||44||
pratyāśvāsaya gāndhārīṃ hataputrāṃ yaśasvinīm |
sa prāyāt pāṇḍavairuktastat puraṃ sātvatāṃ varaḥ ||
āsasāda tataḥ kṣipraṃ gāndhārīṃ nihatātmajām || 45||

While about to start on his car, having Shaivya and Sugriva yoked to it, (the Pandavas) said to him-Comfort the helpless Gandhari who has lost all her sons.'-Thus addressed by the Pandavas, the chief of the Satvatas then set out for Hastinapura and arrived before Gandhari who had all her sons slain."

The Praise of Bhimasena. The Lamentation of Duryodhana. (ch61)

CHAPTER 61
(Gadayuddha Parva ) -- Continued.

The Praise of Bhimasena. The Lamentation of Duryodhana



SYNOPSIS


After Duryodhana is struck down by Bhimasena in a fierce mace battle, Sanjaya recounts the reactions of the Pandavas, the Panchalas, and the Shrinjayas. They rejoice in their victory with celebratory roars, the blowing of conchs, and expressions of praise for Bhima, who is hailed for achieving an unparalleled feat by defeating the powerful Kuru king. Bhima's victory is compared to Indra slaying Vritra, and he is praised for avenging the injustices done to the Pandavas.

However, Krishna intervenes, advising restraint and discouraging harsh words against the fallen Duryodhana. He reminds the Pandavas of Duryodhana's past sins, including his refusal to share the kingdom, his role in various deceptions, and his mistreatment of Draupadi. Krishna emphasizes that Duryodhana’s downfall was the result of his own unrighteous actions and urges the victors to leave the battlefield.

Despite his injuries, Duryodhana rises partially and accuses Krishna of using deceit to secure victory, listing instances of unfair tactics employed against Bhishma, Drona, Karna, and himself. Krishna rebuts these accusations, highlighting Duryodhana’s own misdeeds, such as poisoning Bhima, attempting to burn the Pandavas alive, and orchestrating the unjust killing of Abhimanyu. Krishna asserts that Duryodhana’s death is a consequence of his own sins and greed.

In his final moments, Duryodhana declares his life a success, having enjoyed immense pleasures, governed the Earth, and attained the warrior’s ultimate goal of death in battle. He proudly proclaims that he is destined for heaven, leaving the Pandavas to live in sorrow in the mortal world.

As Duryodhana utters these words, celestial signs honor his death—flowers rain from the sky, divine musicians and dancers celebrate him, and a soothing breeze blows. These signs of divine approval embarrass the Pandavas, who feel ashamed. Krishna reassures them, explaining that their victory was only possible due to his strategic interventions, as the great warriors of the Kaurava side could not have been defeated in fair combat.

Krishna concludes by urging the Pandavas and their allies to rest and prepare for the next steps. The Pandavas, filled with renewed joy, blow their conchs triumphantly, marking the end of the great battle and the demise of Duryodhana.


CHAPTER 61


धृतराष्ट्र उवाच
हतं दुर्योधनं दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनेन संयुगे ।
पाण्डवा: सृञ्जयाश्चैव किमकुर्वत संजय ॥ १ ॥

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca
hataṃ duryodhanaṃ dṛṣṭvā bhīmasenena saṃyuge |
pāṇḍavā: sṛñjayāścaiva kimakurvata saṃjaya || 1 ||

Dhritarashtra said "Seeing Duryodhana struck down in battle by Bhimasena, what, O Sanjaya did the Pandavas and the Srinjayas do?"

संजय उवाच
हतं दुर्योधनं दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनेन संयुगे ।
सिंहेनेव महाराज मत्तं वनगजं यथा ॥ २ ॥
प्रहृष्टमनसस्तत्र कृष्णेन सह पाण्डवाः ।
पञ्चाला सृञ्जयाश्चैव निहते कुरुनन्दने ॥ ३ ॥
आविद्ध्यन्नुत्तरीयाणि सिंहनादांश्च नेदिरे ।
नैतान् हर्षसमाविष्टानियं सेहे वसुंधरा ॥ ४ ॥
 
saṃjaya uvāca
hataṃ duryodhanaṃ dṛṣṭvā bhīmasenena saṃyuge |
siṃheneva mahārāja mattaṃ vanagajaṃ yathā || 2 ||
prahṛṣṭamanasastatra kṛṣṇena saha pāṇḍavāḥ |
pañcālā sṛñjayāścaiva nihate kurunandane || 3 ||
āviddhyannuttarīyāṇi siṃhanādāṃśca nedire |
naitān harṣasamāviṣṭāniyaṃ sehe vasuṃdharā || 4 ||

Sanjaya said
"Seeing Duryodhana killed by Bhimasena in battle, O king, like a wild elephant slain by a lion the Pandavas with Krishna were filled with joy upon the fall of the Kuru king. The Panchalas and the Shrinjayas also waved their upper garments (in the air) and sent up leonine roars. Even the Earth could not bear those rejoicing warriors.

धनूंष्यन्ते व्याक्षिपन्त ज्याश्चाप्यन्ये तथाऽक्षिपन् ।
ये महाशङ्खान् जघ्नुश्च दुन्दुभीन् ॥ ५ ॥

dhanūṃṣyante vyākṣipanta jyāścāpyanye tathā’kṣipan |
ye mahāśaṅkhān jaghnuśca dundubhīn || 5 ||

Some stretched their bows; others drew their bowstrings. Some blew their huge conchs; others beat their drums.

चिक्रीडुश्च तथैवान्ये जहसुश्च तवाहिताः ।
अब्रुवंश्चासकृद् वीरा भीमसेनमिदं वचः ॥ ६ ॥
दुष्करं भवता कर्म रणेऽद्य सुमहत् कृतम् ।
कौरवेन्द्रं रणे हत्वा गदयाऽतिकृतश्रमम् ॥७॥
इन्द्रेणेव हि वृत्रस्य वधं परमसंयुगे ।
त्वया कृतममन्यन्त शत्रोर्वधमिमं जनाः ॥ ८ ॥

cikrīḍuśca tathaivānye jahasuśca tavāhitāḥ |
abruvaṃścāsakṛd vīrā bhīmasenamidaṃ vacaḥ || 6 ||
duṣkaraṃ bhavatā karma raṇe’dya sumahat kṛtam |
kauravendraṃ raṇe hatvā gadayā’tikṛtaśramam ||7||
indreṇeva hi vṛtrasya vadhaṃ paramasaṃyuge |
tvayā kṛtamamanyanta śatrorvadhamimaṃ janāḥ || 8 ||

Some sported and jumped about others laughed aloud. Many heroes repeatedly said these words to Bhimasena- 'Highly difficult and great has been the feat that you have performed today in battle, by having struck down the Kuru king, himself a great warrior, with your mace! This slaughter of your enemy is considered like that of Vritra by Indra himself!

चरन्तं विविधान् मार्गान् मण्डलानि च सर्वशः ।
दुर्योधनमिमं शूरं कोऽन्यो हन्याद् वृकोदरात् ॥ ९ ॥

carantaṃ vividhān mārgān maṇḍalāni ca sarvaśaḥ |
duryodhanamimaṃ śūraṃ ko’nyo hanyād vṛkodarāt || 9 ||

Who else, but you, O Vrikodara, could kill the heroic Duryodhana while moving about in various ways and performing various maneuvers?

वैरस्य च गतः पारं त्वमिहान्यैः सुदुर्गमम् ।
अशक्यमेतदन्येन सम्पादयितुमीदृशम् ॥ १० ॥

vairasya ca gataḥ pāraṃ tvamihānyaiḥ sudurgamam |
aśakyametadanyena sampādayitumīdṛśam || 10 ||

You have brought these hostilities, to a close which none could do! This feat of yours is incapable of being done by any other warrior!

कुञ्जरेणेव मत्तेन वीर संग्राममूर्धनि ।
दुर्योधनशिरो दिष्ट्या पादेन मृदितं त्वया ॥ ११॥

kuñjareṇeva mattena vīra saṃgrāmamūrdhani |
duryodhanaśiro diṣṭyā pādena mṛditaṃ tvayā || 11||

By good luck, you have, O hero, like an infuriate elephant, crushed with your foot the head of Duryodhana on the field of battle!
 
सिंहेन महिषस्येव कृत्वा सङ्गरमुत्तमम् ।
दुःशासनस्य रुधिरं दिष्ट्या पीतं त्वयानघ ॥ १२ ॥

siṃhena mahiṣasyeva kṛtvā saṅgaramuttamam |
duḥśāsanasya rudhiraṃ diṣṭyā pītaṃ tvayānagha || 12 ||

By good luck, O sinless one, you have quaffed the blood of Dussasana on the field of battle!

ये विप्रकुर्वन् राजान् धर्मात्मानं युधिष्ठिरम् ।
मूर्ध्नि तेषां कृतः पादो दिष्ट्या ते स्वेन कर्मणा ॥ १३ ॥

ye viprakurvan rājān dharmātmānaṃ yudhiṣṭhiram |
mūrdhni teṣāṃ kṛtaḥ pādo diṣṭyā te svena karmaṇā || 13 ||

By good luck, you have by your energy, placed your foot on the head of all those that had injured the just king Yudhishthira!

अमित्राणामधिष्ठानाद् वधाद् दुर्योधनस्य च ।
भीम दिष्ट्या पृथिव्यां ते प्रथितं सुमहद् यशः ॥ १४ ॥

amitrāṇāmadhiṣṭhānād vadhād duryodhanasya ca |
bhīma diṣṭyā pṛthivyāṃ te prathitaṃ sumahad yaśaḥ || 14 ||

For your having defeated the foes and having slain Duryodhana, by good luck, O Bhima, your fame has extended over the whole world.

एवं नूनं हते वृत्रे शक्रं नन्दन्ति वन्दिनः ।
तथा त्वां निहतामित्रं वयं नन्दाम भारत ॥ १५ ॥

evaṃ nūnaṃ hate vṛtre śakraṃ nandanti vandinaḥ |
tathā tvāṃ nihatāmitraṃ vayaṃ nandāma bhārata || 15 ||

Bards and eulogists praised Shakra after the fall of Vritra as we are now applauding you, O Bharata, after the fall of your foes.

दुर्योधनवधे यानि रोमाणि हृषितानि नः ।
अद्यापि न विकृष्यन्ते तानि तद् विद्धि भारत ॥ १६ ॥
इत्यब्रुवन् भीमसेनं वातिकास्तत्र सङ्गताः ।

duryodhanavadhe yāni romāṇi hṛṣitāni naḥ |
adyāpi na vikṛṣyante tāni tad viddhi bhārata || 16 ||
ityabruvan bhīmasenaṃ vātikāstatra saṅgatāḥ |

Know O Bharata, that the joy we felt upon the fall of Duryodhana has not yet decreased the least.' The assembled eulogists on that occasion addressed to Bhimasena these words.
 
तान् हृष्टान् पुरुषव्याघ्रान् पञ्चालान् पाण्डवैः सह ॥ १७ ॥
ब्रुवतोऽसदृशं तत्र प्रोवाच मधुसूदनः ।
न न्याय्यं निहतं शत्रुं भूयो हन्तुं नराधिपाः ॥ १८ ॥
असकृद् वाग्भिरुग्राभिर्निहतो ह्येष मन्दधीः ।

tān hṛṣṭān puruṣavyāghrān pañcālān pāṇḍavaiḥ saha || 17 ||
bruvato’sadṛśaṃ tatra provāca madhusūdanaḥ |
na nyāyyaṃ nihataṃ śatruṃ bhūyo hantuṃ narādhipāḥ || 18 ||
asakṛd vāgbhirugrābhirnihato hyeṣa mandadhīḥ |

Whilst, viz., Panchalas and the Pandavas, all filled with joy were thus expressing themselves, the slayer of Madhu addressed them, saying- `Ye kings, it is not becoming to kill a slain fe with such cruel words repeatedly. This wicked man has already been slain.

तदैवैष हतः पापो यदैव निरपत्रपः ॥ १९ ॥
लुब्धः पापसहायश्च सुहृदां शासनातिगः ।
बहुशो विदुरद्रोणकृपगाङ्गेयसृजयैः॥२०॥
पाण्डुभ्य: प्रार्थ्यमानोऽपि पित्र्यमंशं न दत्तवान् ।

tadaivaiṣa hataḥ pāpo yadaiva nirapatrapaḥ || 19 ||
lubdhaḥ pāpasahāyaśca suhṛdāṃ śāsanātigaḥ |
bahuśo viduradroṇakṛpagāṅgeyasṛjayaiḥ || 20 ||
pāṇḍubhya: prārthyamāno’pi pitryamaṃśaṃ na dattavān |


This sinful, shameless, and covetous wretch, surrounded by sinful counselors and ever malignant of the advice of wise friends, encountered his death even then when he refused, though repeatedly urged to the contrary by Vidura, Drona, Kripa, and Sanjaya, to give to the sons of Pandu their paternal share in the kingdom which they had begged of him.

नैष योग्योऽद्य मित्रं वा शत्रुर्वा पुरुषाधमः ॥ २१॥
किमनेनातिभुग्नेन वाग्भिः काष्ठसधर्मणा ।

naiṣa yogyo’dya mitraṃ vā śatrurvā puruṣādhamaḥ || 21||
kimanenātibhugnena vāgbhiḥ kāṣṭhasadharmaṇā |


This wretch is not to be regarded either as a friend or an enemy! What use in using harsh words to him who has now become a piece of wood?

रथेष्वारोहत क्षिप्रं गच्छामो वसुधाधिपाः ॥ २२ ॥
दिष्ट्या हतोऽयं पापात्मा सामात्यज्ञातिबान्धवः ।
इति श्रुत्वा त्वधिक्षेपं कृष्णाद् दुर्योधनो नृपः ॥ २३ ॥
अमर्षवशमापन्न उदतिष्ठद् विशाम्पते ।
स्फिग्देशेनोपविष्टः स दोर्भ्यां विष्टभ्य मेदिनीम् ॥ २४ ॥

ratheṣvārohata kṣipraṃ gacchāmo vasudhādhipāḥ || 22 ||
diṣṭyā hato’yaṃ pāpātmā sāmātyajñātibāndhavaḥ |
iti śrutvā tvadhikṣepaṃ kṛṣṇād duryodhano nṛpaḥ || 23 ||
amarṣavaśamāpanna udatiṣṭhad viśāmpate |
sphigdeśenopaviṣṭaḥ sa dorbhyāṃ viṣṭabhya medinīm || 24 ||

Get your cars quickly, you kings, for we should leave this place! By good luck, this sinful wretch has been killed with his counselors and kinsmen and friends.' Thus chastised by Krishna, King Duryodhana, O king, gave way to wrath and endeavored to rise.

दृष्टिं भ्रूसङ्कटां कृत्वा वासुदेवो न्यपातयत् ।
अर्धोन्नतशरीरस्य रूपमासीन्नृपस्य तु ॥ २५॥

dṛṣṭiṃ bhrūsaṅkaṭāṃ kṛtvā vāsudevo nyapātayat |
ardhonnataśarīrasya rūpamāsīnnṛpasya tu || 25 ||

Sitting on his haunches and supporting himself on his two arms, he contracted his eyebrows and looked angrily at Vasudeva.

क्रुद्धस्याशीविषस्येव च्छिन्नपुच्छस्य भारत ।
प्राणान्तकारिणी घोरां वेदनामप्यचिन्तयन् ॥ २६ ॥
 
kruddhasyāśīviṣasyeva cchinnapucchasya bhārata |
prāṇāntakāriṇī ghorāṃ vedanāmapyacintayan || 26 ||

Duryodhana whose body was half raised, looked like a poisonous snake, O Bharata, shorn of its tail.

दुर्योधनो वासुदेवं वाग्भिरुग्राभिरार्दयत् ।
कंसदासस्य दायाद न ते लज्जाऽस्त्यनेन वै ॥ २७॥
अधर्मेण गदायुद्धे यदहं विनिपातितः ।
ऊरू भिन्धीति भीमस्य स्मृतिं मिथ्या प्रयच्छता ॥ २८ ॥
किं न विज्ञातमेतन्मे यदर्जुनमवोचथाः ।

duryodhano vāsudevaṃ vāgbhirugrābhirārdayat |
kaṃsadāsasya dāyāda na te lajjā’styanena vai || 27||
adharmeṇa gadāyuddhe yadahaṃ vinipātitaḥ |
ūrū bhindhīti bhīmasya smṛtiṃ mithyā prayacchatā || 28 ||
kiṃ na vijñātametanme yadarjunamavocathāḥ |

Forgetting his poignant and unbearable pains, Duryodhana began to assail Vasudeva with keen and bitter words. O son of Kansa's slave, it seems you have no shame, for you have forgotten that I have been struck down most unfairly, according to the rules of mace-fighting? It was you who unfairly caused this act by reminding Bhima about the breaking of my thighs. Do you think I did not mark it when Arjuna (under your advice) hinted at it to Bhima?

घातयित्वा महीपालानृजुयुद्धान् सहस्रशः॥२९॥
जिह्यैरुपायैर्बहुभिर्न ते लज्जा न ते घृणा ।

ghātayitvā mahīpālānṛjuyuddhān sahasraśaḥ||29||
jihyairupāyairbahubhirna te lajjā na te ghṛṇā |

Having destroyed thousands of kings, who always fought fairly through various kinds of unfair means, do you not feel any shame or abhorrence for those acts?
 
अहन्यहनि शूराणां कुर्वाणः कदनं महत् ॥ ३० ॥
शिखण्डिनं पुरस्कृत्य घातितस्ते पितामहः ।

ahanyahani śūrāṇāṃ kurvāṇaḥ kadanaṃ mahat || 30 ||
śikhaṇḍinaṃ puraskṛtya ghātitaste pitāmahaḥ |

Having daily bought about a great carnage of heroic warriors, you, at last, caused the grandsire to be slain by placing Shikhandin to the front.

अश्वत्थाम्नः सनामानं हत्वा नागं सुदुर्मते ॥ ३१॥
आचार्यो न्यासितः शस्त्रं किं तन्त्र विदितं मया ।

aśvatthāmnaḥ sanāmānaṃ hatvā nāgaṃ sudurmate || 31||
ācāryo nyāsitaḥ śastraṃ kiṃ tantra viditaṃ mayā |

Having again caused an elephant of the same name of Ashvatthama to be killed, O you of vicious principle, you made the preceptor lay aside his weapons. Do you think that this is now known to me?

स चानेन नृशंसेन धृष्टद्युम्नेन वीर्यवान् ॥ ३२ ॥
पात्यमानस्त्वया दृष्टो न चैनं त्वमवारयः ।

sa cānena nṛśaṃsena dhṛṣṭadyumnena vīryavān || 32 ||
pātyamānastvayā dṛṣṭo na cainaṃ tvamavārayaḥ |

While again that brave hero was about to be killed by this cruel Dhristadyumna, you did not dissuade the latter!

वधार्थं पाण्डपुत्रस्य 'याचितां शक्तिमेव च ॥ ३३ ॥
घटोत्कचे व्यंसयतः कस्त्वत्तः पापकृत्तमः ।

vadhārthaṃ pāṇḍaputrasya 'yācitāṃ śaktimeva ca || 33 ||
ghaṭotkace vyaṃsayataḥ kastvattaḥ pāpakṛttamaḥ |

The dart that had been begged (of Shakra as a boon) by Karna for the destruction of Arjuna, was baffled by you through Ghatotkacha! Who is there that is more sinful than you?

छिन्नहस्तः प्रायगतस्तथा भूरिश्रवा बली ॥ ३४ ॥
त्वयाऽभिसृष्टेन हतः शैनेयेन महात्मना ।

chinnahastaḥ prāyagatastathā bhūriśravā balī || 34 ||
tvayā’bhisṛṣṭena hataḥ śaineyena mahātmanā |

Likewise, powerful Bhurishravas, with one of his arms cut off while observing the Praya vow, was caused to be slain by you through the great Satyaki.

कुर्वाणश्चोत्तमं कर्म कर्णः पार्थजिगीषया ॥ ३५ ॥
व्यंसनेनाश्वसेनस्य पन्नगेन्द्रस्य वै पुनः ।

kurvāṇaścottamaṃ karma karṇaḥ pārthajigīṣayā || 35 ||
vyaṃsanenāśvasenasya pannagendrasya vai punaḥ |

Karna had done a great feat in defeating Partha. You frustrated the object of Ashvasena, the son of that prince of snakes (viz., Takshaka).

पुनश्च पतिते चक्रे व्यसनार्तः पराजितः ॥ ३६ ॥
पातितः समरे कर्णश्चक्रव्यग्रोऽग्रणीर्नृणाम्।

punaśca patite cakre vyasanārtaḥ parājitaḥ || 36 ||
pātitaḥ samare karṇaścakravyagro’graṇīrnṛṇām|

When again the wheel of Karna's car sank in the mire and Karna was assisted with calamity and almost defeated on that account, and when, he became anxious to free his wheel-you caused that Karna to be then slain!
 
यदि मां चापि कर्णं च भीष्मद्रोणौ च संयुतौ ॥ ३७ ॥
ऋजुना प्रतियुध्येथा न ते स्याद् विजयो ध्रुवम् ।

yadi māṃ cāpi karṇaṃ ca bhīṣmadroṇau ca saṃyutau || 37 ||
ṛjunā pratiyudhyethā na te syād vijayo dhruvam |

If he had fought me and Karna and Bhisma and Drona by fair means, victory then, forsooth, would never have been yours.
 
त्वया पुनरनार्येण जिह्ममार्गेण पार्थिवाः ॥ ३८ ॥
स्वधर्ममनुतिष्ठन्तो वयं चान्ये च घातिताः ।

tvayā punaranāryeṇa jihmamārgeṇa pārthivāḥ || 38 ||
svadharmamanutiṣṭhanto vayaṃ cānye ca ghātitāḥ |

By adopting the most wily and unfair means you have caused the death of many kings observant of the duties of their order and of ourselves as well.'

वासुदेव उवाच
हतस्त्वमसि गान्धारे सभ्रातृसुतबान्धवः ॥ ३९॥
सगणः ससुहृचैव पापं मार्गमनुष्ठितः ।

vāsudeva uvāca
hatastvamasi gāndhāre sabhrātṛsutabāndhavaḥ || 39||
sagaṇaḥ sasuhṛcaiva pāpaṃ mārgamanuṣṭhitaḥ |

Vasudeva said
You, O son of Gandhari, have been killed with your brothers, sons, kinsmen, friends, and followers, for the sinful path you followed.
 
तवैव दुष्कृतैर्वीरौ भीष्मद्रोणौ निपातितौ ॥ ४० ॥
कर्णश्च निहतः संख्ये तव शीलानुवर्तकः ।

tavaiva duṣkṛtairvīrau bhīṣmadroṇau nipātitau || 40 ||
karṇaśca nihataḥ saṃkhye tava śīlānuvartakaḥ |

Through your deeds, those two heroes, viz., Bhishma and Drona, have been killed. Karna has been slain for having followed your conduct!

याच्यमानं मया मूढ पित्र्यमंशं न दित्ससि ॥ ४१ ॥
पाण्डवेभ्यः स्वराज्यं च लोभाच्छकुनिनिश्चयात्।

yācyamānaṃ mayā mūḍha pitryamaṃśaṃ na ditsasi || 41 ||
pāṇḍavebhyaḥ svarājyaṃ ca lobhācchakuniniścayāt|

As requested by me, O fool, you did not, from avarice, give the Pandavas their paternal share, under the advice of Shakuni.

विषं ते भीमसेनाय दत्तं सर्वे च पाण्डवाः ॥ ४२ ॥
प्रदीपिता जतुगृहे मात्रा सह सुदुर्मते ।

viṣaṃ te bhīmasenāya dattaṃ sarve ca pāṇḍavāḥ || 42 ||
pradīpitā jatugṛhe mātrā saha sudurmate |

You gave poison to Bhimasena! You, O wicked man, tried to burn all the Pandavas with their mother at the palace of lace!

सभायां याज्ञसेनी च कृष्टा द्यूते रजस्वला ॥ ४३ ॥
तदैव तावद् दुष्टात्मन् वध्यस्त्वं निरपत्रप |

sabhāyāṃ yājñasenī ca kṛṣṭā dyūte rajasvalā || 43 ||
tadaiva tāvad duṣṭātman vadhyastvaṃ nirapatrapa |

While gambling, you insulted the daughter of Yajnasena, while in her season, in assembly! Shameless as you are, you should have been killed there and then!

अनक्षज्ञं च धर्मज्ञं सौबलेनाक्षवेदिना ॥ ४४ ॥
निकृत्या यत् पराजैषीस्तस्मादसि हतो रणे ।

anakṣajñaṃ ca dharmajñaṃ saubalenākṣavedinā || 44 ||
nikṛtyā yat parājaiṣīstasmādasi hato raṇe |

Through Subala's son an expert in dice, you unfairly defeated the virtuous Yudhishthira who was unskilled in gambling! For that are you killed.

जयद्रथेन पापेन यत् कृष्णा केशिता वने ॥ ४५ ॥
यातेषु मृगयां चैव तृणबिन्दोरथाश्रमम् ।

jayadrathena pāpena yat kṛṣṇā keśitā vane || 45 ||
yāteṣu mṛgayāṃ caiva tṛṇabindorathāśramam |

Through the sinful Jayadratha again, Krishna was on another occasion insulted when the Pandavas, her lords, had gone out hunting towards the hermitage of Trinavindu!

अभिमन्युश्च यद् बाल एको बहुभिराहवे । ४६ ॥
त्वदोषैर्निहतः पाप तस्मादसि हतो रणे ।

abhimanyuśca yad bāla eko bahubhirāhave | 46 ||
tvadoṣairnihataḥ pāpa tasmādasi hato raṇe |

Causing Abhimanyu, who was a child and alone, to be surrounded by many, you did kill that hero. For this sin, O sinful wretch, you are slain!

यान्यकार्याणि चास्माकं कृतानीति प्रभाषसे॥४७॥
वैये तवात्यर्थं सर्वं हि तदनुष्ठितम् ।

yānyakāryāṇi cāsmākaṃ kṛtānīti prabhāṣase||47||
vaiye tavātyarthaṃ sarvaṃ hi tadanuṣṭhitam |

All those sinful deeds which you attribute to us have in reality been perpetrated by you in consequence of your sinful nature!
 
बृहस्पतेरुशनसो नोपदेशः श्रुतस्त्वया ॥ ४८ ॥
वृद्धा नोपासिताश्चैव हितं वाक्यं न ते श्रुतम् ।

bṛhaspateruśanaso nopadeśaḥ śrutastvayā || 48 ||
vṛddhā nopāsitāścaiva hitaṃ vākyaṃ na te śrutam |

You had never listened to the advice of Brihaspati and Ushanas! You had never respected the old! You had never heard the beneficial words!

लोभेनातिबलेन त्वं तृष्णया च वशीकृतः ॥ ४९॥
कृतवानस्यकार्याणि विपाकस्तस्य भुज्यताम् ।

lobhenātibalena tvaṃ tṛṣṇayā ca vaśīkṛtaḥ || 49||
kṛtavānasyakāryāṇi vipākastasya bhujyatām |

Possessed by ungovernable covetousness and thirst for gain, you committed many unrighteous acts. Suffer now the consequences thereof.

दुर्योधन उवाच
अधीतं विधिवद् दत्तं भूः प्रशास्ता ससागरा ॥ ५० ॥
मूर्ध्नि स्थितममित्राणां को नु स्वन्ततरो मया ।
 
duryodhana uvāca
adhītaṃ vidhivad dattaṃ bhūḥ praśāstā sasāgarā || 50 ||
mūrdhni sthitamamitrāṇāṃ ko nu svantataro mayā |

Duryodhana said
I have made various studies, made presents according to the ordinance, governed the wide Earth with her seas, and trumpeted over the heads of my fees. Who is there so fortunate as myself?

यदिष्टं क्षत्रबन्धूनां स्वधर्ममनुपश्यताम्॥ ५१ ॥
तदिदं निधनं प्राप्तं को नु स्वन्ततरो मया ।

yadiṣṭaṃ kṣatrabandhūnāṃ svadharmamanupaśyatām|| 51 ||
tadidaṃ nidhanaṃ prāptaṃ ko nu svantataro mayā |

That end again which is sought by Kshatriya observant of the duties of their order, viz., death in battle, I have also met with mine. Who, therefore, is so fortunate as myself?

देवार्हा मानुषा भोगाः प्राप्ता असुलभा नृपैः ॥ ५२ ॥
ऐश्वर्यं चोत्तमं प्राप्तः को नु स्वन्ततरो मया । नु

devārhā mānuṣā bhogāḥ prāptā asulabhā nṛpaiḥ || 52 ||
aiśvaryaṃ cottamaṃ prāptaḥ ko nu svantataro mayā |

I have enjoyed pleasures, such as were worthy of the very gods and such as could with difficulty, be obtained by other kings. I have attained the highest prosperity. Who then is so fortunate as myself?

ससुहृत् सानुगश्चैव स्वर्गं गन्ताहमच्युत । ५३ ॥
यूयं निहतसंकल्पाः शोचन्तो वर्तयिष्यथ ।।

sasuhṛt sānugaścaiva svargaṃ gantāhamacyuta | 53 ||
yūyaṃ nihatasaṃkalpāḥ śocanto vartayiṣyatha ||

With all my well-wishers, and my younger brothers, I am going to heaven! As regards yourselves, with your baffled purposes and racked with grief, live you in this unhappy world.

संजय उवाच
अस्य वाक्यस्य निधने कुरुराजस्य धीमतः ॥ ५४ ॥
अपतत् सुमहद् वर्षं पुष्पाणां पुण्यगन्धिनाम्।
अवादयन्त गन्धर्वा वादित्रं सुमनोहरम् ॥ ५५ ॥
जगुश्चाप्सरसो राज्ञो यशः सम्बद्धमेव च।
सिद्धाश्च मुमुचुर्वाचः साधु साध्विति पार्थिव ॥ ५६॥
ववौ च सुरभिर्वायुः पुण्यगन्धो मृदुः सुखः ।
व्यराजंश्च दिशः सर्वा नभो वैदूर्यसंनिभम् ॥ ५७ ॥
 
saṃjaya uvāca
asya vākyasya nidhane kururājasya dhīmataḥ || 54 ||
apatat sumahad varṣaṃ puṣpāṇāṃ puṇyagandhinām|
avādayanta gandharvā vāditraṃ sumanoharam || 55 ||
jaguścāpsaraso rājño yaśaḥ sambaddhameva ca|
siddhāśca mumucurvācaḥ sādhu sādhviti pārthiva || 56||
vavau ca surabhirvāyuḥ puṇyagandho mṛduḥ sukhaḥ |
vyarājaṃśca diśaḥ sarvā nabho vaidūryasaṃnibham || 57 ||

Sanjaya continued
After the intelligent king of the Kurus, had said these words, a thick shower of fragrant flowers dropped from the sky. The Gandharvas beat many charming musical instruments. The Apsaras in a chorus sang the glory of King Duryodhana. The Siddhas cried- Praise to King Duryodhana! Sweet and delicious breezes mildly blew on all sides. All the quarters became clear and the firmament looked blue as the lapis lazuli.

अत्यद्भुतानि ते दृष्ट्वा वासुदेवपुरोगमाः ।
दुर्योधनस्य पूजां तु दृष्ट्वा व्रीडामुपागमन् ॥ ५८ ॥

atyadbhutāni te dṛṣṭvā vāsudevapurogamāḥ |
duryodhanasya pūjāṃ tu dṛṣṭvā vrīḍāmupāgaman || 58 ||

Beholding these good signs, and this worship offered to Duryodhana, the Pandavas, with Vasudeva at their head, were put to shame.

हतांश्चाधर्मतः श्रुत्वा शोकार्ताः शुशुचुर्हि ते ।
भीष्मं द्रोणं तथा कर्णं भूरिश्रवसमेव च ॥ ५९ ॥

hatāṃścādharmataḥ śrutvā śokārtāḥ śuśucurhi te |
bhīṣmaṃ droṇaṃ tathā karṇaṃ bhūriśravasameva ca || 59 ||

Hearing the invisible voice the Bhishma and Drona and Karna and Bhurishravas were killed unfairly, they were afflicted with remorse and wept in grief.

तांस्तु चिन्तापरान् दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवान् दीनचेतसः ।
प्रोवाचेदं वचः कृष्णो मेघदुन्दुभिनिः स्वनः ॥६०॥
नैष शक्योऽतिशीघ्रास्त्रस्ते च सर्वे महारथाः ।
ऋजुयुद्धेन विक्रान्ता हन्तुं युष्माभिराहवे ॥६१॥

tāṃstu cintāparān dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavān dīnacetasaḥ |
provācedaṃ vacaḥ kṛṣṇo meghadundubhiniḥ svanaḥ || 60 ||
naiṣa śakyo’tiśīghrāstraste ca sarve mahārathāḥ |
ṛjuyuddhena vikrāntā hantuṃ yuṣmābhirāhave || 61 ||

Seeing the Pandavas stricken with anxiety and grief. Krishna addressed them in a voice as deep as that of the clouds or the drum, saying "All of them were great car-warriors and quick hands in weapons! If you had displayed all your prowess, even then you could never have killed them in battle by a fair fight.

नैष शक्यः कदाचित् तु हन्तु धर्मेण पार्थिवः ।
ते वा भीष्ममुखाः सर्वे महेष्वासा महारथाः ॥ ६२ ॥

naiṣa śakyaḥ kadācit tu hantu dharmeṇa pārthivaḥ |
te vā bhīṣmamukhāḥ sarve maheṣvāsā mahārathāḥ || 62 ||

King Duryodhana also could never be killed in a fair fight! The same is the case with all those powerful car-warriors led by Bhishma.

मयानेकैरुपायैस्तु मायायोगेन चासकृत्।
हतास्ते सर्व एवाजौ भवतां हितमिच्छता ॥ ६३ ॥

mayānekairupāyaistu māyāyogena cāsakṛt|
hatāste sarva evājau bhavatāṃ hitamicchatā || 63 ||

For doing you good, I repeatedly applied my illusory powers and caused them to be killed by various means in battle.

यदि नैवंविधं जातु कुर्यां जिह्ममहं रणे ।
कुतो वो विजयो भूयः कुतो राज्यं कुतो धनम् ॥ ६४ ॥

yadi naivaṃvidhaṃ jātu kuryāṃ jihmamahaṃ raṇe |
kuto vo vijayo bhūyaḥ kuto rājyaṃ kuto dhanam || 64 ||

If I had not adopted such deceitful ways in battle, you would never have been victorious, nor could have gained kingdom or wealth.
 
ते हि सर्वे महात्मानश्चत्वारोऽतिरथा भुवि ।
न शक्या धर्मतो हन्तुं लोकपालैरपि स्वयम् ॥ ६५ ॥

te hi sarve mahātmānaścatvāro’tirathā bhuvi |
na śakyā dharmato hantuṃ lokapālairapi svayam || 65 ||

Those four were very great warriors and regarded as Atirathas in the world. The very Regents of the Earth could not kill them in a fair fight.

तथैवायं गदापाणिर्धार्तराष्ट्रो गतक्रमः ।
न शक्यो धर्मतो हन्तुं कालेनापीह दण्डिना ॥ ६६ ॥

tathaivāyaṃ gadāpāṇirdhārtarāṣṭro gatakramaḥ |
na śakyo dharmato hantuṃ kālenāpīha daṇḍinā || 66 ||

Likewise, the son of Dhritarashtra, when armed with the mace, could not be killed in a fair fight by Yama himself, armed with his bludgeon.

न च वो हृदि कर्तव्यं यदयं घातितो रिपुः ।
मिथ्यावध्यास्तथोपायैर्बहवः शत्रवोऽधिकाः ॥ ६७॥

na ca vo hṛdi kartavyaṃ yadayaṃ ghātito ripuḥ |
mithyāvadhyāstathopāyairbahavaḥ śatravo’dhikāḥ || 67||

Ye should not mind that this enemy of yours has been killed deceitfully. When the number of one's enemies becomes great, then destruction should be brought about by wily ways.

पूर्वैरनुगतो मार्गो देवैरसुरघातिभिः ।
सद्भिश्चानुगतः पन्थाः स सर्वैरनुगम्यते ॥ ६८ ॥

pūrvairanugato mārgo devairasuraghātibhiḥ |
sadbhiścānugataḥ panthāḥ sa sarvairanugamyate || 68 ||

The gods themselves, in killing the Asuras, have followed by the celestials, may be followed by all.

कृतकृत्याश्च सायाह्ने निवासं रोचयामहे ।
साश्वनागरथाः सर्वे विश्रमामो नराधिपाः ॥ ६९ ॥

kṛtakṛtyāśca sāyāhne nivāsaṃ rocayāmahe |
sāśvanāgarathāḥ sarve viśramāmo narādhipāḥ || 69 ||

We have been crowned with success. It is evening. We had better retire to our tents. Let us all, you kings, take rest, with our horses and elephants and cars!'

वासुदेववचः श्रुत्वा तदानीं पाण्डवैः सह ।
पञ्चाला भृशसंहृष्टा विनेदुः सिंहसंघवत् ॥ ७० ॥

vāsudevavacaḥ śrutvā tadānīṃ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha |
pañcālā bhṛśasaṃhṛṣṭā vineduḥ siṃhasaṃghavat || 70 ||

Hearing these words of Vasudeva, the Pandavas and the Panchalas filled with joy, roared like many lions.

ततः प्राध्मापयञ्शङ्खान् पाञ्चजन्यं च माधवः ।
हृष्टा दुर्योधनं दृष्ट्वा निहतं पुरुषर्षभ ।। ७१ ।।

tataḥ prādhmāpayañśaṅkhān pāñcajanyaṃ ca mādhavaḥ |
hṛṣṭā duryodhanaṃ dṛṣṭvā nihataṃ puruṣarṣabha || 71 ||

All of them blew their conchs and Madhava himself blew his Panchajanya, seeing Duryodhana struck down in battle.'

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