Saturday, December 14, 2024
Mantras for Shiva,Vishnu, Sarasvati and Surya from Garuda Purana
Friday, December 13, 2024
The story of Alaksmi and Jyeṣṭhā – The Deity of Misfortune
Liṅga Mahāpurāṇa
Chapter 6
The story of Alakṣmi
SYNOPSIS
The Creation of Jyeṣṭhā and the Dual Forces of the Universe
Lord Viṣṇu, the eternal, omniscient creator and preserver of the universe, manifested two opposing aspects to balance creation:
- Auspicious forces, represented by the Brāhmaṇas (priestly class), Vedas (sacred knowledge), virtues, Padmā (the lotus goddess), and Śrī Lakṣmī (the goddess of prosperity and fortune).
- Inauspicious forces, represented by Jyeṣṭhā (misfortune), Alakṣmī (inauspiciousness), and sin, which symbolize negativity and chaos.
The inauspicious goddess Jyeṣṭhā was created first, making her the elder (hence the name Jyeṣṭhā). After her creation, Viṣṇu brought forth Padmā (Lakṣmī), the embodiment of auspiciousness, who later became his consort. This duality symbolizes the interplay between fortune and misfortune in the universe.
Jyeṣṭhā's Marriage to Sage Duḥṣāha
A sage named Duḥṣāha, attracted by Jyeṣṭhā despite her inauspicious nature, married her.
Together, they roamed the earth, but Jyeṣṭhā could not bear the atmosphere of auspicious places, such as:
- Homes filled with the chanting of Vedic hymns.
- Areas where sacrifices were performed, or the smoke of yajñas (rituals) rose.
- Places where Viṣṇu and Śiva were worshipped with devotion.
In such environments, Jyeṣṭhā would close her eyes and ears in fear and discomfort. Her behavior left Duḥṣāha confused, and he sought guidance from the wise sage Mārkaṇḍeya.
Sage Mārkaṇḍeya's Counsel
Mārkaṇḍeya explained that Jyeṣṭhā was destined to thrive only in inauspicious and impure environments. He advised Duḥṣāha to take her to places where negativity and chaos prevailed.
He listed places suitable for Jyeṣṭhā's presence, such as:
- Homes where family members quarrel constantly.
- Residences devoid of devotion to Viṣṇu, Śiva, or Vedic rituals.
- Houses with uncleanliness, neglect of religious duties, or sinful activities.
- Places where selfishness, dishonesty, and moral decay were rampant.
- Areas marked by heretic practices or the absence of respect for teachers, elders, or the divine.
Conversely, Mārkaṇḍeya detailed places that Jyeṣṭhā must avoid:
- Homes of virtuous and devout individuals.
- Places where the chanting of divine names, offerings, and sacred rites occur regularly.
- Residences of those who follow dharma (righteousness) and engage in acts of selflessness and purity.
Jyeṣṭhā's Separation from Duḥṣāha
- Following Mārkaṇḍeya’s guidance, Duḥṣāha eventually left Jyeṣṭhā at a cottage near a tank, intending to find a more suitable place for them in the underworld (Pātāla).
- Feeling abandoned and destitute, Jyeṣṭhā appealed to Lord Viṣṇu for sustenance and shelter.
Lord Viṣṇu's Decree
- In response to Jyeṣṭhā’s plea, Lord Viṣṇu granted her the right to reside in the wealth, homes, and possessions of those who:
- Neglected worship of Śiva and Viṣṇu.
- Disregarded Vedic rituals and dharma.
- Engaged in sinful or immoral behavior.
- Viṣṇu further decreed that devotees of Śrī Lakṣmī, Viṣṇu, and Śiva must offer propitiation to Jyeṣṭhā to ensure her absence from their homes.
The Role of Jyeṣṭhā in the Cosmic Order
- Jyeṣṭhā’s existence serves as a reminder of the consequences of neglecting spiritual duties, morality, and devotion.
- Her presence represents misfortune and inauspiciousness, but her power is limited by the strength of faith and righteous conduct.
- Viṣṇu’s devotees acknowledge her presence and offer small sacrifices to ensure that she does not disturb their prosperity and peace.
Moral and Spiritual Lessons
- The tale emphasizes the duality of fortune and misfortune, showing that both have a purpose in maintaining balance in the universe.
- Devotion to Viṣṇu and Śiva, adherence to dharma, and the performance of sacred rites are essential to ward off inauspiciousness.
- The narrative serves as a cautionary tale against neglecting spiritual practices and living a life of disorder and sin.
Conclusion and Blessing
- Sūta concludes the story by highlighting its spiritual merit:
- Those who narrate, read, or listen to this story with devotion are relieved of sins, gain wealth, and ultimately attain mokṣa (liberation).
- The story thus serves as both a warning and a guide for leading a righteous and harmonious life.
Chapter 6
मायावित्यं श्रुतं विष्णोर्देवदेवस्य धीमतः ।
कथं ज्येष्ठासमुत्पत्तिर्देवदेवाज्जनार्दनात्॥१॥
वक्तुमर्हसि चास्माकं लोमहर्षण तत्त्वतः ।
māyāvityaṃ śrutaṃ viṣṇordevadevasya dhīmataḥ |
kathaṃ jyeṣṭhāsamutpattirdevadevājjanārdanāt||1||
vaktumarhasi cāsmākaṃ lomaharṣaṇa tattvataḥ |
The sages said-O Lomaharṣaṇa, the Māyā of intelligent Viṣṇu - the lord of the Devas, has been listened to. How did Jyeṣṭhā - the deity of misfortune, originated from Viṣṇu - the lord of the Devas? It would be in the fitness of things in case you narrate the story about the same.
अनादिनिधनः श्रीमान्धाता नारायणः प्रभुः ॥ २ ॥
जगद्द्वैधमिदं चक्रे मोहनाय जगत्पतिः ।
विष्णुर्वै ब्राह्मणान्वेदान्वेदधर्मान् सनातनान्॥३॥
श्रियं पद्मां तथा श्रेष्ठां भागमेकमकारयत् ।
ज्येष्ठामलक्ष्मीमशुभां वेदबाह्यान्नराधमान्॥४॥
अधर्मं च महातेजा भागमेकमकल्पयत् ।
अलक्ष्मीमग्रतः सृष्ट्वा पश्चात्पद्मां जनार्दनः ॥ ५ ॥
ज्येष्ठा तेन समाख्याता अलक्ष्मीर्द्विजसत्तमाः ।
अमृतोद्भववेलायां विषानंतरमुल्बणात्॥६॥
अशुभ सा तथोत्पन्ना ज्येष्ठा इति च वै श्रुतम् ।
ततः श्रीश्च समुत्पन्ना पद्मा विष्णुपरिग्रहः ॥७॥
anādinidhanaḥ śrīmāndhātā nārāyaṇaḥ prabhuḥ || 2 ||
jagaddvaidhamidaṃ cakre mohanāya jagatpatiḥ |
viṣṇurvai brāhmaṇānvedānvedadharmān sanātanān||3||
śriyaṃ padmāṃ tathā śreṣṭhāṃ bhāgamekamakārayat |
jyeṣṭhāmalakṣmīmaśubhāṃ vedabāhyānnarādhamān||4||
adharmaṃ ca mahātejā bhāgamekamakalpayat |
alakṣmīmagrataḥ sṛṣṭvā paścātpadmāṃ janārdanaḥ || 5 ||
jyeṣṭhā tena samākhyātā alakṣmīrdvijasattamāḥ |
amṛtodbhavavelāyāṃ viṣānaṃtaramulbaṇāt||6||
aśubha sā tathotpannā jyeṣṭhā iti ca vai śrutam |
tataḥ śrīśca samutpannā padmā viṣṇuparigrahaḥ ||7||
Sūta said-In order to delude the universe, the glorious lord Viṣṇu, who is without beginning or end and is the lord of the universe, created the two-fold aspects of the universe. Viṣṇu created one set consisting of the Brāhmaṇas, Vedas, Vedic virtues, Padmā and Śrī Lakṣmī. The god of the great refulgence made another set comprising of Jyeṣṭhā, Alakṣmī, the base of me, excluded from the Vedic sphere as well as the sin. It was after creating Alakṣmī at the outset that Viṣṇu created Padmā. Therefore, Alakṣmī is Jyeṣṭhā (the elder). O excellent Brāhmaṇas, at the outcome of nectar soon after the terribly potent poison, the inauspicious Jyeṣṭhā was born. It is so heard. Thereof, Śrī Padmā was born, who subsequently became the wife of lord Viṣṇu.
ज्येष्ठां तां परिपूर्णोऽसौ मनसा वीक्ष्य धिष्ठिताम् ॥ ८ ॥
लोकं चचार हृष्टात्मा तया सह मुनिस्तदा ।
यस्मिन् घोषो हरेश्चैव हरस्य च महात्मनः॥९॥
वेदघोषस्तथा विप्रा होमधूमस्तथैव च ।
भस्मांगिनो वा यत्रासंस्तत्र तत्र भयार्दिता ॥ १०॥
ज्येष्ठामेवंविधां दृष्ट्वा दुःसहो मोहमागतः ॥ ११॥
तया सह वनं गत्वा चचार स महामुनिः ।
तपो महद्वने घोरे याति कन्या प्रतिग्रहम् ॥ १२॥
न करिष्यामि चेत्युक्त्वा प्रतिज्ञाय च तामृषिः ।
योगज्ञानपरः शुद्धो यत्र योगीश्वरो मुनिः ॥ १३॥
तत्रायांतं महात्मानं मार्कण्डेयमपश्यत ।
प्रणिपत्य महात्मानं दुःसहो मुनिमब्रवीत् ॥ १४ ॥
भार्येयं भगवन्मह्यं न स्थास्यति कथञ्चन ।
किं करोमीति विप्रर्षे ह्यनया सह भार्यया ॥ १५ ॥
प्रविशामि तथा कुत्र कुतो न प्रविशाम्यहम् ।
jyeṣṭhāṃ tāṃ paripūrṇo’sau manasā vīkṣya dhiṣṭhitām || 8 ||
lokaṃ cacāra hṛṣṭātmā tayā saha munistadā |
yasmin ghoṣo hareścaiva harasya ca mahātmanaḥ||9||
vedaghoṣastathā viprā homadhūmastathaiva ca |
bhasmāṃgino vā yatrāsaṃstatra tatra bhayārditā || 10||
jyeṣṭhāmevaṃvidhāṃ dṛṣṭvā duḥsaho mohamāgataḥ || 11||
tayā saha vanaṃ gatvā cacāra sa mahāmuniḥ |
tapo mahadvane ghore yāti kanyā pratigraham || 12||
na kariṣyāmi cetyuktvā pratijñāya ca tāmṛṣiḥ |
yogajñānaparaḥ śuddho yatra yogīśvaro muniḥ || 13||
tatrāyāṃtaṃ mahātmānaṃ mārkaṇḍeyamapaśyata |
praṇipatya mahātmānaṃ duḥsaho munimabravīt || 14 ||
bhāryeyaṃ bhagavanmahyaṃ na sthāsyati kathañcana |
kiṃ karomīti viprarṣe hyanayā saha bhāryayā || 15 ||
praviśāmi tathā kutra kuto na praviśāmyaham |
A Brāhmanical sage Duḥṣāha married the inauspicious Jyeṣṭhā after seeing her fully stabilised. Accompanied with her, the delighted sage wandered all round the world. O Brāhmaṇas, wherever there was a loud chanting sounds of the names of Viṣṇu and Śiva - the great souls, wherever there was a loud sound of the Vedic hymns, wherever there was a big column of smoke from sacrifices and wherever there were people with their limbs smeared with ashes, the deity of misfortune was extremely frightened. She used to close her ears and eyes here and there. On seeing Jyeṣṭhā thus behaving, Duḥṣāha became confused and bewildered. Accompanied by her, he went to the forest. In the terrible forest, he performed a great penance. The girl Jyeṣṭhā roamed from house to house. The pious sage, who was a leading yogin, devoted to the yogic practices and possessed perfect wisdom, once saw the noble sage Mārkaṇḍeya, arriving in the forest. Bowing down to the great sage, he said to him- "O great sage, my wife does not pull on well with me in any way. O Brāhmana Muni, what shall I do with this wife? Where should I enter and where should I not?"
शृणु दुःसह सर्वज्ञ अकीर्तिरशुभान्विता ॥१६॥
अलक्ष्मीरतुला चेयं ज्येष्ठा इत्यभिशब्दिता ।
नारायणपरा यत्र वेदमार्गानुसारिणः ॥ १७ ॥
śṛṇu duḥsaha sarvajña akīrtiraśubhānvitā ||16||
alakṣmīratulā ceyaṃ jyeṣṭhā ityabhiśabditā |
nārāyaṇaparā yatra vedamārgānusāriṇaḥ || 17 ||
Mārkaṇḍeya said-"All such places. She would enter all such places, which are inauspicious and full of disrepute, Alakṣmī, (misfortune), Atula (unbalanced), and Jyeṣṭhā (the eldest). By no means should she enter the places of the noble souls who are devoted to Viṣṇu following the Vedic path, as well as the devotees of Rudra having dusted and smeared their bodies with ashes.
स्थिता यत्र जना नित्यं मा विशेथाः कथञ्चन ॥ १८ ॥
नारायण हृषीकेश पुण्डरीकाक्ष माधव ।
अच्युतानंत गोविंद वासुदेव जनार्दन ॥१९॥
रुद्र रुद्रेति रुद्रेति शिवाय च नमो नमः ।
नमः शिवतरायेति शङ्करायेति सर्वदा ॥२०॥
महादेव महादेव महादेवेति कीर्तयेत् ।
उपमायाः पतये चैव हिरण्यपतये सदा ॥ २१॥
हिरण्यबाहवे तुभ्यं वृषाङ्काय नमो नमः ।
नृसिंह वामनाचिंत्य माधवेति च ये जनाः ॥ २२ ॥
वक्ष्यंति सततं हृष्टा ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रियास्तथा ।
वैश्याः शूद्राश्च ये नित्यं तेषां धनगृहादिषु ।
आरामे चैव गोष्ठेषु न विशेथाः कथञ्चन ॥ २३ ॥
sthitā yatra janā nityaṃ mā viśethāḥ kathañcana || 18 ||
nārāyaṇa hṛṣīkeśa puṇḍarīkākṣa mādhava |
acyutānaṃta goviṃda vāsudeva janārdana ||19||
rudra rudreti rudreti śivāya ca namo namaḥ |
namaḥ śivatarāyeti śaṅkarāyeti sarvadā ||20||
mahādeva mahādeva mahādeveti kīrtayet |
upamāyāḥ pataye caiva hiraṇyapataye sadā || 21||
hiraṇyabāhave tubhyaṃ vṛṣāṅkāya namo namaḥ |
nṛsiṃha vāmanāciṃtya mādhaveti ca ye janāḥ || 22 ||
vakṣyaṃti satataṃ hṛṣṭā brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyāstathā |
vaiśyāḥ śūdrāśca ye nityaṃ teṣāṃ dhanagṛhādiṣu |
ārāme caiva goṣṭheṣu na viśethāḥ kathañcana || 23 ||
By no means should she enter the precincts of parks, cowpens, wealth and the abodes of such delighted Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas and Śūdras, who offer prayer to Nārāyaṇa, Hṛṣīkeśa, Puṇḍarīkākṣa, Mādhava, Acyuta, Ananta, Govinda, Vāsudeva, Janārdana, Rudra, devotees of Rudra, or the places of tapas for Śiva or where salutation is offered to the auspicious Śiva, Mahādeva, salutation to the consort of Umā, to the lord of gold. Salutation to you with golden arms, salutation to bull-bannered lord, Narasimha, Vāmana, the incomprehensible one, O Mahādeva.
चक्रं विष्णोरतीवोग्रं तेषां हंति सदाशुभम् ॥ २४ ॥
cakraṃ viṣṇoratīvograṃ teṣāṃ haṃti sadāśubham || 24 ||
Lord Viṣṇu's discus is quite terrible with a cluster of flames that resembles a thousand suns, dispelling people's inauspiciousness forever.
तद्धित्वा चान्यमागच्छ सामघोषोथ यत्र वा ॥ २५ ॥
वेदाभ्यासरता नित्यं नित्यकर्मपरायणाः ।
वासुदेवार्चनरता दूरतस्तान्विसर्जयेत् ॥ २६॥
taddhitvā cānyamāgaccha sāmaghoṣotha yatra vā || 25 ||
vedābhyāsaratā nityaṃ nityakarmaparāyaṇāḥ |
vāsudevārcanaratā dūratastānvisarjayet || 26||
Avoid the house where there is Svāhākāra or Vaṣaṭkāra and go elsewhere. Discard from a distance the places where there is a loud chanting of the Sāmana hymns where the people are engrossed in chanting the Vedic hymns and where the people are engaged in repeating the Sāmana hymns, devoted to the rituals of their deity and the houses where the worshippers of Vāsudeva are present.
वासुदेवतनुर्वापि चण्डिका यत्र तिष्ठति॥२७॥
दूरतो व्रज तान् हित्वा सर्वपापविवर्जितान् ।
नित्यनैमित्तिकैर्यज्ञैर्यजंति च महेश्वरम् ॥२८॥
तान् हित्वा व्रज चान्यत्र दुःसह त्वं सहानया ।
श्रोत्रिया ब्राह्मणा गावो गुरवोऽतिथयः सदा ॥ २९॥
रुद्रभक्ताश्च पूज्यंते यैर्नित्यं तान् विवर्जयेत् ।
vāsudevatanurvāpi caṇḍikā yatra tiṣṭhati||27||
dūrato vraja tān hitvā sarvapāpavivarjitān |
nityanaimittikairyajñairyajaṃti ca maheśvaram ||28||
tān hitvā vraja cānyatra duḥsaha tvaṃ sahānayā |
śrotriyā brāhmaṇā gāvo guravo’tithayaḥ sadā || 29||
rudrabhaktāśca pūjyaṃte yairnityaṃ tān vivarjayet |
Avoid the persons or the houses where the holy Agni hotra is performed, where the liṅga is worshipped, and the places where the images of Vāsudeva and Caṇḍikā are present. Avoid persons who are free from all the sins and move away from them. Avoid the devotees of Maheśvara by means of obligatory and conditional yajñas. O Duḥṣāha, go elsewhere, where along with the lady, you must disown these persons by whom the Brahmā well-versed in Śrutis, cows, preceptors, guests, and devotees of Rudra are always worshipped.
यस्मिन्प्रवेशो योग्यो मे तद्ब्रूहि मुनिसत्तम ॥३०॥
त्वद्वाक्याद्भयनिर्मुक्तो विशान्मेषां गृहे सदा ।
yasminpraveśo yogyo me tadbrūhi munisattama ||30||
tvadvākyādbhayanirmukto viśānmeṣāṃ gṛhe sadā |
O excellent sage, point out to me the places, where I can enter without fear at your instance.
न श्रोत्रिया द्विजा गावो गुरवोऽतिथयः सदा ।
यत्र भर्ता च भार्या च परस्परविरोधिनौ ॥ ३१॥
सभार्यस्त्वं गृहं तस्य विशेथा भयवर्जितः ।
देवदेवो महादेवो रुद्रस्त्रिभुवनेश्वरः॥३२॥
विनिंद्यो यत्र भगवान् विशश्व भयवर्जितः ।
वासुदेवरतिर्नास्ति यत्र नास्ति सदाशिवः ॥३३॥
जपहोमादिकं नास्ति भस्म नास्ति गृहे नृणाम् ।
पर्वण्यभयर्चनं नास्ति चतुर्दश्यां विशेषतः ॥ ३४॥
कृष्णाष्टम्यां च रुद्रस्य संध्यायां भस्मवर्जिताः ।
चतुर्दश्या महादेवं न यजंति च यत्र वै ॥ ३५ ॥
विष्णोर्नानविहीनां ये सङ्गताश्च दुरात्मभिः ।
नमः कृष्णाय शर्वाय शिवाय परमेष्ठिने ॥ ३६॥
ब्राह्मणाश्च नरा मूढा न वदंति दुरात्मकाः ।
na śrotriyā dvijā gāvo guravo’tithayaḥ sadā |
yatra bhartā ca bhāryā ca parasparavirodhinau || 31||
sabhāryastvaṃ gṛhaṃ tasya viśethā bhayavarjitaḥ |
devadevo mahādevo rudrastribhuvaneśvaraḥ||32||
viniṃdyo yatra bhagavān viśaśva bhayavarjitaḥ |
vāsudevaratirnāsti yatra nāsti sadāśivaḥ ||33||
japahomādikaṃ nāsti bhasma nāsti gṛhe nṛṇām |
parvaṇyabhayarcanaṃ nāsti caturdaśyāṃ viśeṣataḥ || 34||
kṛṣṇāṣṭamyāṃ ca rudrasya saṃdhyāyāṃ bhasmavarjitāḥ |
caturdaśyā mahādevaṃ na yajaṃti ca yatra vai || 35 ||
viṣṇornānavihīnāṃ ye saṅgatāśca durātmabhiḥ |
namaḥ kṛṣṇāya śarvāya śivāya parameṣṭhine || 36||
brāhmaṇāśca narā mūḍhā na vadaṃti durātmakāḥ |
Mārkaṇḍeya said-
Getting relieved of fear and together with your wife, you can enter the houses, where the husband and wife are at loggerheads and where the Brāhmaṇas well-versed in the Vedic lores, as well as the cows, preceptors are never found present. Completely fearlessly, you can enter the place where Rudra - the lord of Devas, Mahādeva, the lord of the three worlds, is disposed. O dear one, in company with your wife, enter the house where there is no devotion to Vāsudeva, Sadāśiva, japams, and homas are not performed or the ashes are not applied over the bodies, where Rudra is not worshipped on the fourteenth and eighths days of the dark fortnights, where the people do not apply bhaṣma. They are not devoted to Viṣṇu and are associated with evil women or wicked men. Together with your wife, you shall enter the houses of even those who do not repeat their salutation to Kṛṣna, to Sarva, to Śiva and Parameṣṭhī.
वेदघोषो न यत्रास्ति गुरुपूजादयो न च ।
पितृकार्यविहीनांस्तु सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ॥ ३८ ॥
vedaghoṣo na yatrāsti gurupūjādayo na ca |
pitṛkāryavihīnāṃstu sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa || 38 ||
Accompanied by your wife, you should enter those places where there is no loud sound of the chanting of the Vedic hymns, where the preceptors are not worshipped or the places where the people do not worship their ancestors.
अनया सार्धमनिशं विश त्वं भयवर्जितः ॥ ३९॥
anayā sārdhamaniśaṃ viśa tvaṃ bhayavarjitaḥ || 39||
Devoid of fear and accompanied by this lady, always enter the house where there is always a mutual quarrel between the inmates every night.
रुद्रभक्तिर्विनिंदा च तत्रैव विश निर्भयः ॥ ४०॥
rudrabhaktirviniṃdā ca tatraiva viśa nirbhayaḥ || 40||
Fearlessly enter a place where there is a liṇga that is not worshipped and men do not perform japa and where Rudra is not adored with devotion.
न संति यद्गृहे गावः सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश॥४१॥
na saṃti yadgṛhe gāvaḥ sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa||41||
Accompanied by your wife, you enter the house where there is no preceptor and which is deprived of a Vaiṣnava or a cow.
भक्ष्याणि तत्र संहृष्टः सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ॥ ४२ ॥
bhakṣyāṇi tatra saṃhṛṣṭaḥ sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa || 42 ||
You enter with delight, together with your wife, to a place where the people eat food without giving it to the children, who keep on watching the same.
अहुत्वा विधिवद्यत्र तत्र नित्यं समाविश ॥ ४३ ॥
ahutvā vidhivadyatra tatra nityaṃ samāviśa || 43 ||
Always enter the place where the people do not worship Mahādeva, Vāsudeva, or perform the sacrifices in a proper manner.
गृहे यस्मिन्समासंते देशे वा तत्र संविश ॥ ४४ ॥
gṛhe yasminsamāsaṃte deśe vā tatra saṃviśa || 44 ||
You can delightfully enter with your wife at a place where the people are indulged in sinful activities and the cruel people have no co-operation among themselves. You should enter such a house.
तद्गृहं तु समासाद्य वस नित्यं हि हृष्टधीः ॥ ४५ ॥
tadgṛhaṃ tu samāsādya vasa nityaṃ hi hṛṣṭadhīḥ || 45 ||
Reaching those places, where the damsels of the houses never keep secrets and destroy the domestic felicity, is never worthy of praise. Always stay there with a delighted mind.
ब्रह्मवृक्षश्च यत्रास्ति सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ॥ ४६ ॥
अगस्त्यार्कादयो वापि बंधुजीवो गृहेषु वै ।
करवीरो विशेषेण नंद्यावर्तमथापि वा ॥४७॥
मल्लिका वा गृहे येषां सभार्यस्त्वंसमाविश ।
कन्या च यत्र वै वल्ली द्रोही वा च जटी गृहे ॥ ४८ ॥
बहुला कदली यत्र सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ।
तालं तमालं भल्लातं तित्तिडीखण्डमेव च॥ ४९ ॥
कदंबः खादिरं वापि सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ।
न्यग्रोधं वा गृहे येषामश्वत्थं चूतमेव वा ॥ ५० ॥
उदुंबरं वा पनसंसभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ।
यस्य काकगृहं निंबे आरामे वा गृहेपि वा ॥ ५१ ॥
दण्डनी मुण्डिनी वापि सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ।
brahmavṛkṣaśca yatrāsti sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa || 46 ||
agastyārkādayo vāpi baṃdhujīvo gṛheṣu vai |
karavīro viśeṣeṇa naṃdyāvartamathāpi vā ||47||
mallikā vā gṛhe yeṣāṃ sabhāryastvaṃsamāviśa |
kanyā ca yatra vai vallī drohī vā ca jaṭī gṛhe || 48 ||
bahulā kadalī yatra sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa |
tālaṃ tamālaṃ bhallātaṃ tittiḍīkhaṇḍameva ca|| 49 ||
kadaṃbaḥ khādiraṃ vāpi sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa |
nyagrodhaṃ vā gṛhe yeṣāmaśvatthaṃ cūtameva vā || 50 ||
uduṃbaraṃ vā panasaṃsabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa |
yasya kākagṛhaṃ niṃbe ārāme vā gṛhepi vā || 51 ||
daṇḍanī muṇḍinī vāpi sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa |
Together with your wife, you can enter the place, full of thorny trees and winding creepers of Niṣpāva, Brahmavṛkṣas. In case, the trees like Agastya, Arka, Bandhujīva, Karavīra in particular, Nandyāvarta, Mallikā, Kanyā - the creeping plant, Drohī, Jatī, the black plantain, Tāla, Tamāla, Bhallāta, Tittiḍinkhaṇḍa, Kadamba, Nyagrodha, Aśvastha, Cūta, Uḍumbara and Panasa (are there, you may enter that place). In case, there is a Nimba tree in any park or a house sheltering the crows, enter that in the company of your wife. If there is a Daṇḍinī or a Muṇḍinī at some place, then you can enter it with your wife there.
षडश्वं सप्तमातङ्गं सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ।
यस्य काली गृहे देवी प्रेतरूपा च डाकिनी ॥५३॥
क्षेत्रपालोथवा यत्र सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ।
भिक्षुबिंबं च वै यस्य गृहे क्षपणकं तथा ॥ ५४ ॥
बौद्धं वा बिंबमासाद्य तत्र पूर्णं समाविश ।
शयनासनकालेषु भोजनाटनवृत्तिषु ॥५५ ॥
येषां वदति नो वाणी नामानि च हरेः सदा ।
तद्गृहं ते समाख्यातं सभार्यस्य निवेशितुम् ॥५६॥
ṣaḍaśvaṃ saptamātaṅgaṃ sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa |
yasya kālī gṛhe devī pretarūpā ca ḍākinī ||53||
kṣetrapālothavā yatra sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa |
bhikṣubiṃbaṃ ca vai yasya gṛhe kṣapaṇakaṃ tathā || 54 ||
bauddhaṃ vā biṃbamāsādya tatra pūrṇaṃ samāviśa |
śayanāsanakāleṣu bhojanāṭanavṛttiṣu ||55 ||
yeṣāṃ vadati no vāṇī nāmāni ca hareḥ sadā |
tadgṛhaṃ te samākhyātaṃ sabhāryasya niveśitum ||56||
Together with your wife, you enter the house where there is a single maidservant, three cows, five buffaloes, six horses, or seven elephants; you enter the house with your wife, of the person, whose household deity is Kālī Dākinī of the form of a ghost or a kṣetrapala - guardian of a center; you can enter the house freely wherein the image of Buddhist mendicant or a Buddhist anchorite or the statue of Buddha is found installed. The house of the people who do not recite the names of Viṣṇu when going to bed, taking up a seat, or moving about in the course of their activities like taking food, etc., would belong to you. Enter such houses accompanied by your wife.
विष्णुभक्तिविनिर्मुक्ता महादेवविनिंदकाः ॥ ५७ ॥
नास्तिकाश्च शठा यत्र सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ।
सर्वस्मादधिकत्वं ये न वदंति पिनाकिनः ॥ ५८ ॥
साधारणं स्मरंत्येनं सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ।
ब्रह्मा च भगवान्विष्णुः शक्रः सर्वसुरेश्वरः ॥५९॥
रुद्रप्रसादजाश्चेति न वदंति दुरात्मकाः ।
ब्रह्मा च भगवान्विष्णुः शक्रश्च सम एव च ॥६०॥
वदंति मूढाः खद्योतं भानुं वा मूढचेतसः ।
तेषां गृहे तथा क्षेत्र आवासे वा सदाऽनया ॥ ६१॥
viṣṇubhaktivinirmuktā mahādevaviniṃdakāḥ || 57 ||
nāstikāśca śaṭhā yatra sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa |
sarvasmādadhikatvaṃ ye na vadaṃti pinākinaḥ || 58 ||
sādhāraṇaṃ smaraṃtyenaṃ sabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa |
brahmā ca bhagavānviṣṇuḥ śakraḥ sarvasureśvaraḥ ||59||
rudraprasādajāśceti na vadaṃti durātmakāḥ |
brahmā ca bhagavānviṣṇuḥ śakraśca sama eva ca ||60||
vadaṃti mūḍhāḥ khadyotaṃ bhānuṃ vā mūḍhacetasaḥ |
teṣāṃ gṛhe tathā kṣetra āvāse vā sadā’nayā || 61||
In the company of your wife, you enter the place where the people are engaged in heretic activities or the people excluded from the sacred rites prescribed in the Vedas, Smṛits, or the persons devoid of the devotion to lord Viṣṇu, the people who denounce Mahādeva, atheists, and knaves. You can enter with your wife abodes of such persons who do not adore the Pināka bearing lord or consider him as an ordinary god. It is only the wicked who do not say that the Brahmā, Viṣṇu, and Indra - the ruler of the gods, are all born by the grace of Rudra. Only the foolish people of deranged minds would say that the glow worm or the sun are equals. They would say that Brahmā, Viṣṇu, and Indra are equal to lord Śiva. Even when their houses are full and flourishing, enter them without fear and enjoy yourself with your wife.
येश्नंति केवलं मूढाः पक्वमन्नं विचेतसः ॥६२॥
स्नानमङ्गलहीनाश्च तेषां त्व गृहमाविश ।
या नारी शौचविभ्रष्टा देहसंस्कारवर्जिता ॥ ६३ ॥
सर्वभक्षरता नित्यं तस्या: स्थाने समाविश ।
मलिनास्याः स्वयं मर्त्या मलिनांबरधारिणः ॥ ६४ ॥
लदंता गृहस्थाश्च गृहे तेषां समाविश ।
पादशौचविनिर्मुक्ताः संध्याकाले च शायिनः ॥ ६५ ॥
संध्यायामश्न ते ये वै गृहं तेषां समाविश ।
yeśnaṃti kevalaṃ mūḍhāḥ pakvamannaṃ vicetasaḥ ||62||
snānamaṅgalahīnāśca teṣāṃ tva gṛhamāviśa |
yā nārī śaucavibhraṣṭā dehasaṃskāravarjitā || 63 ||
sarvabhakṣaratā nityaṃ tasyā: sthāne samāviśa |
malināsyāḥ svayaṃ martyā malināṃbaradhāriṇaḥ || 64 ||
ladaṃtā gṛhasthāśca gṛhe teṣāṃ samāviśa |
pādaśaucavinirmuktāḥ saṃdhyākāle ca śāyinaḥ || 65 ||
saṃdhyāyāmaśna te ye vai gṛhaṃ teṣāṃ samāviśa |
You enter the abodes of such foolish people who consume the cooked food by themselves and are devoid of the welfare ceremonies and remain without a bath. Enter the houses where the ladies are devoid of noble habits of cleanliness of the bodies and other auspicious saṁskāras and engage themselves in consuming the forbidden food. Enter such a house where people have dirty faces and are clad in dirty costumes, besides those whose teeth are dirty. Enter the houses of such people who never clean their houses properly, sleep during the evening, and take food in the evening. You can enter such houses.
द्यूतवादक्रियामूढाः गृहे तेषां समाविश ।
ब्रह्मस्वहारिणो ये चायोग्यांश्चैव यजंति वा ॥ ६७॥
शूद्रान्न भोजिनो वापि गृहं तेषां समाविश ।
मद्यपानरताः पापा मांसभक्षणतत्पराः ॥ ६८ ॥
dyūtavādakriyāmūḍhāḥ gṛhe teṣāṃ samāviśa |
brahmasvahāriṇo ye cāyogyāṃścaiva yajaṃti vā || 67||
śūdrānna bhojino vāpi gṛhaṃ teṣāṃ samāviśa |
madyapānaratāḥ pāpā māṃsabhakṣaṇatatparāḥ || 68 ||
Enter the people's houses who are gluttons, drunkards, foolish, and gamblers and enter into useless controversy. You can also enter the people's houses who usurp the riches of the Brāhmaṇas and eat the food cooked by the Śūdras. Enter the house of the people who drink wine, eat meat, and are engaged in desecrating the chastity of the other's wife.
पर्वण्यनर्चाभिरता मैथुने वा दिवा रताः ॥ ६९॥
संध्यायां मैथुनं येषां गृहे तेषां समाविश ।
पृष्ठतो मैथुनं येषां श्वानवन्मृगवच्च वा ॥७०॥
जले वा मैथुनं कुर्यात्सभार्यत्वं समाविश ।
रजस्वलां स्त्रियं गच्छेच्चाण्डालीं वा नराधमः ॥७१॥
कन्यां वा गोगगृहे वापि गृहं तेषां समाविश ।
बहुना किं प्रलापेन नित्यकर्मबहिष्कृताः ॥ ७२ ॥
रुद्रभक्तिविहीना ये गृहं तेषां समाविश ।
शृङ्गैर्दिव्यौषधैः क्षुद्रैः शेफ आलिप्य गच्छति ॥ ७३॥
भगद्रावं करोत्यस्मात्सभार्यस्त्वं समाविश ।
parvaṇyanarcābhiratā maithune vā divā ratāḥ || 69||
saṃdhyāyāṃ maithunaṃ yeṣāṃ gṛhe teṣāṃ samāviśa |
pṛṣṭhato maithunaṃ yeṣāṃ śvānavanmṛgavacca vā ||70||
jale vā maithunaṃ kuryātsabhāryatvaṃ samāviśa |
rajasvalāṃ striyaṃ gaccheccāṇḍālīṃ vā narādhamaḥ ||71||
kanyāṃ vā gogagṛhe vāpi gṛhaṃ teṣāṃ samāviśa |
bahunā kiṃ pralāpena nityakarmabahiṣkṛtāḥ || 72 ||
rudrabhaktivihīnā ye gṛhaṃ teṣāṃ samāviśa |
śṛṅgairdivyauṣadhaiḥ kṣudraiḥ śepha ālipya gacchati || 73||
bhagadrāvaṃ karotyasmātsabhāryastvaṃ samāviśa |
Enter the houses of the people who unite with the women during the daytime, who do not recite scriptures on festive occasions, or who unite with their wives during the evening time or in the water. You enter the houses of such people with your wife. You enter the house of a person who cohabits like the dogs or animals in the water. You enter the house of the degraded people who cohabit with a woman in period, or a Cāṇḍālī woman in a cowpen. What is the use of excessive talk, you enter the house in which the daily auspicious rites are not performed or are devoid of the devotion of Rudra; you enter the house of the people who cohabit with the artificial liṅga or by applying artificial medicines over the liṅga. Enter the houses of such people."
इत्युक्त्वा स मुनिः श्रीमान्निर्माज्य नयने तदा ॥ ७४ ॥
ब्रह्मर्षिर्ब्रह्मसङ्काशस्तत्रैवांतर्द्धिमातनोत् ।
दुःसहश्च तथोक्तानि स्थानानि च समीयिवान् ॥ ७५ ॥
विशेषाद्देवदेवस्य विष्णोर्निदारतात्मनाम्।
सभार्यो मुनिशूर्दूलः सैषा ज्येष्ठा इति स्मृता ॥ ७६ ॥
ityuktvā sa muniḥ śrīmānnirmājya nayane tadā || 74 ||
brahmarṣirbrahmasaṅkāśastatraivāṃtarddhimātanot |
duḥsahaśca tathoktāni sthānāni ca samīyivān || 75 ||
viśeṣāddevadevasya viṣṇornidāratātmanām|
sabhāryo muniśūrdūlaḥ saiṣā jyeṣṭhā iti smṛtā || 76 ||
Sūta said-
Thus speaking, the Brahmarṣi, wiping out his eyes, disappeared at the same time from that place. Duḥṣaha also left for the aforesaid places. The excellent sage together with Jyeṣṭhā, particularly went to the places where lord Viṣṇu was denounced. This is the same goddess who is known by the name of Jyeṣṭhā.
आस्व त्वमत्र चाहं वै प्रवेक्ष्यामि रसातलम् ॥ ७७ ॥
आवयोः स्थानमालोक्य निवासार्थं ततः पुनः ।
आगमिष्यामि ते पार्श्वमित्युक्ता तमुवाच सा ॥ ७८ ॥
किमश्नामि महाभाग को मे दास्यति वै बलिम् ।
इत्युक्तस्तां मुनिः प्राह याः स्त्रियस्त्वां यजंति वै ॥
āsva tvamatra cāhaṃ vai pravekṣyāmi rasātalam || 77 ||
āvayoḥ sthānamālokya nivāsārthaṃ tataḥ punaḥ |
āgamiṣyāmi te pārśvamityuktā tamuvāca sā || 78 ||
kimaśnāmi mahābhāga ko me dāsyati vai balim |
ityuktastāṃ muniḥ prāha yāḥ striyastvāṃ yajaṃti vai ||
Once Duḥṣāha said to her- "You live at the bank of this tank in the cottage because I shall enter Pātālaloka. I shall reach for a suitable place for both of us to dwell and shall return to you." At this, Jyeṣṭhā said- "What shall I do here? Who will feed me here?" At the words thus spoken by Jyeṣṭhā, the sage replied to her.
इत्युक्त्वा त्वाविशत्तत्र पातालं बिलयोगतः ॥८०॥
अद्यापि च विनिर्मग्नो मुनिः स जलसंस्तरे ।
ग्रामपर्वतबाह्येषु नित्यमास्तेऽशुभा पुनः॥८१॥
ityuktvā tvāviśattatra pātālaṃ bilayogataḥ ||80||
adyāpi ca vinirmagno muniḥ sa jalasaṃstare |
grāmaparvatabāhyeṣu nityamāste’śubhā punaḥ||81||
"You never enter the houses of the ladies who will adore you offering incense, flowers, and fragrance." Thus speaking, the sage entered Pātāla through an anthill, where the sage lives even today at the water level. The inauspicious goddess Jyeṣṭhā always wanders over the mountains, outside the villages.
लक्ष्म्या दृष्टस्तया लक्ष्मीः सा तमाह जनार्दनम् ॥ ८२ ॥
भर्ता तो महाबाहो बिलं त्यक्त्वा स मां प्रभो ।
अनाथा जगन्नाथ वृत्तिं देहि नमोस्तु ते ॥ ८३ ॥
lakṣmyā dṛṣṭastayā lakṣmīḥ sā tamāha janārdanam || 82 ||
bhartā to mahābāho bilaṃ tyaktvā sa māṃ prabho |
anāthā jagannātha vṛttiṃ dehi namostu te || 83 ||
As a matter of chance, lord Viṣṇu was present there with Lakṣmī, who spotted Alakṣmī. Then, she spoke to Janārdana or Viṣṇu- "O lord, my husband has entered Pātāla through the snake hole leaving me as destitute. O Lord of the universe, salutation to you. You kindly arrange for my daily food."
इत्युक्तो भगवान्विष्णुः प्रहस्याह जनार्दनः ।
ज्येष्ठामलक्ष्मीं देवेशो माधवो मधुसूदनः ॥ ८४॥
ityukto bhagavānviṣṇuḥ prahasyāha janārdanaḥ |
jyeṣṭhāmalakṣmīṃ deveśo mādhavo madhusūdanaḥ || 84||
Sūta said-
At this, lord Janārdana, lord Mādhava, the lord of all gods, lord Madhusūdana, replied.
ये रुद्रमनघं शर्वं शङ्करं नीललोहितम् ।
अंबा हैमवतीं वापि जनित्रीं जगतामपि ॥ ८५ ॥
मद्भक्तान्निंदयंत्यत्र तेषां वित्तं तवैव हि ।
येपि चैव महादेवं विनिंद्यैव यजंति माम् ॥ ८६॥
मूढा ह्यभाग्या मद्भक्ता अपि तेषां धनं तव ।
यस्याज्ञया ह्यहं ब्रह्मा प्रसादाद्वर्तते सदा ॥ ८७ ॥
यति विनिंद्यैव मम विद्वेषकारकाः ।
मद्भक्ता नैव ते भक्ता इव वर्तति दुर्मदाः ॥ ८८ ॥
तेषां गृहं धनं क्षेत्रमिष्टापूर्तं तवैव हि ॥
ye rudramanaghaṃ śarvaṃ śaṅkaraṃ nīlalohitam |
aṃbā haimavatīṃ vāpi janitrīṃ jagatāmapi || 85 ||
madbhaktānniṃdayaṃtyatra teṣāṃ vittaṃ tavaiva hi |
yepi caiva mahādevaṃ viniṃdyaiva yajaṃti mām || 86||
mūḍhā hyabhāgyā madbhaktā api teṣāṃ dhanaṃ tava |
yasyājñayā hyahaṃ brahmā prasādādvartate sadā || 87 ||
yati viniṃdyaiva mama vidveṣakārakāḥ |
madbhaktā naiva te bhaktā iva vartati durmadāḥ || 88 ||
teṣāṃ gṛhaṃ dhanaṃ kṣetramiṣṭāpūrtaṃ tavaiva hi ||
Lord Viṣṇu said-"Such of the people who do not adore the sinless Rudra, Śarva, Nīlalohita, Śiva, and Haimavatī - the mother of the universe, besides my devotees, those who denounce Mahādeva and adore me, all their riches belong to you. Lord Śiva, by adoring whom, both myself and Brahmā exist, the riches of my foolish devotees belong to you. Such of the people who are envious of me, denounce me, are not my devotees, and do not worship me like my devotees, belong to you. Their | riches, the fields, crops, and all the noble deeds done by me, belong to you. The digging of the tanks and wells also belongs to you."
इत्युक्त्वा तां परित्यज्य लक्ष्म्याऽलक्ष्मीं जनार्दनः ॥ ८९ ॥
जजाप भगवान्रुद्रमलक्ष्मीक्षयसिद्धये ।
तस्मात्प्रदेयस्तस्यै च बलिर्नित्यं मुनीश्वराः ॥ ९० ॥
विष्णुभक्तैर्न संदेहः सर्वयत्नेन सर्वदा ।
अङ्गनाभिः सदा पूज्या बलिभिर्विविधैर्द्विजाः ॥९१॥
यः पछेच्छृणुयाद्वापि श्रावयेद्वा द्विजोत्तमान् ।
अलक्ष्मीवृत्तमनघो लक्ष्मीवाँल्लभते गतिम्॥९२॥
ityuktvā tāṃ parityajya lakṣmyā’lakṣmīṃ janārdanaḥ || 89 ||
jajāpa bhagavānrudramalakṣmīkṣayasiddhaye |
tasmātpradeyastasyai ca balirnityaṃ munīśvarāḥ || 90 ||
viṣṇubhaktairna saṃdehaḥ sarvayatnena sarvadā |
aṅganābhiḥ sadā pūjyā balibhirvividhairdvijāḥ ||91||
yaḥ pachecchṛṇuyādvāpi śrāvayedvā dvijottamān |
alakṣmīvṛttamanagho lakṣmīvāṁllabhate gatim||92||
Sūta said-Thus speaking, lord Viṣṇu, accompanied by Lakṣmī, left the place. Then lord Viṣṇu meditated upon Śiva, for the destruction of Alakṣmī. Since that time, the devotees of Viṣṇu, also make offerings to Alakṣmī. O Brāhmaṇas, the ladies should adore Alakṣmī, making various types of offerings to her. One who narrates the story of Alakṣmī or reads it or reads it out to the excellent Brāhmaṇas, he is relieved of all the sins and becomes rich. He ultimately achieves mokṣa.
इति श्रीलिङ्गमहापुराणे उत्तरभागे अलक्ष्मीवृत्तं नाम षष्ठोऽध्यायः ॥ ६॥iti śrīliṅgamahāpurāṇe uttarabhāge alakṣmīvṛttaṃ nāma ṣaṣṭho’dhyāyaḥ || 6||
Saturday, December 7, 2024
Vishnu mantras
Om Namo Bhagavate Vasudevaaya!
Vishnu Gayatri mantra
Om Naaraayanaaya Vidmahe
Vaasudevaaya Dhiimahi
Tanno Vishnuh Pracodayaat
108 names of Vishnu (translated)
1. vishvam: He who is the universe, the virat-purusha
2. vishnuh: He who pervades everywhere
3. bhootaatmaa: The aatman of all beings
4. paramaatmaa: The Supersoul
5. muktaanaam paramaa gatih: The final goal, reached by liberated souls
6. saakshee: The witness
7. purushottamah: The Supreme Controller
8. bhaavanah: He who gives everything to his devotees
9. padmanaabhah: He from whose navel comes the lotus
10. vishvakarmaa: The creator of the universe
11. shaashvatah: He who always remains the same
12. krishno: He whose complexion is dark
13. pavitram: He who gives purity to the heart
14. praanadah: He who gives life
15. sharanam: The refuge
16. pratyayah: He whose nature is knowledge
17. sarvadarshanah: All-seeing
18. satyah: The truth
19. pundareekaakshah: He who dwells in the heart
20. amritah: Immortal
21. vedah: He who is the Vedas
22. dharmaadhyakshah: He who presides over dharma
23. vijayah: Victorious
24. samgrahah: He who holds everything together
25. sargah: He who creates the world from Himself
26. vaidyah: The Supreme doctor
27. sadaa-yogee: Always in yoga
28. madhuh: Sweet
29. mahaamayo: The Supreme Master of all Maayaa
30. suraanando: He who gives out happiness
31. govindah: The protector of the cows
32. bhujagottamah: The serpent Ananta
33. hiranyanaabhah: He who has a golden navel
34. sutapaah: He who has glorious tapas
35. prajaapatih: He from whom all creatures emerge
36. guruh: The teacher
37. nimishah: He who has closed eyes in contemplation
38. nyaayah: Justice
39. sahasraakshah: Thousands of eyes
40. sahasrapaat: Thousand-footed
41. dharaneedharah: He who supports the earth
42. suprasaadah: Fully satisfied
43. naaraayanah: He who resides on the waters
44. shruti-saagarah: The ocean for all scripture
45. prakaashanah: He who illuminates
46. ojas-tejo-dyutidharah: The possessor of vitality, effulgence and beauty
47. mantrah: The nature of the Vedic mantras
48. jagatas-setuh: A bridge across the material energy
49. bhoota-bhavya-bhavan-naathah: The Lord of past, present and future
50. paavanah: He who gives life-sustaining power to air
51. kaamahaa: He who destroys all desires
52. kaamakrit: He who fulfills all desires
53. kaamah: The beloved
54. prabhuh: The Lord
55. ishtah: He who is invoked through Vedic rituals
56. shikhandee: He who wears a peacock feather
57. krodhahaa: He who destroys anger
58. maheedharah: The support of the earth
59. vaasudevah: Dwelling in all creatures although not affected by that condition
60. aadidevah: The primary source of everything
61. ashokah: He who has no sorrow
62. padmagarbhah: He who is being meditated upon in the lotus of the heart
63. lakshmeevaan: The consort of Laksmi
64. rohitah: The fish incarnation
65. maargah: The path
66. mahaabhaago: He who gets the greates share in every Yajna
67. raamah: One who is most handsome
68. virajo: Passionless
69. neyah: The guide
70. shatrughnah: The destroyer of enemies
71. vaayuh: The air
72. mahaabhogah: He who is of the nature of enjoyment
73. sthavishthah: One who is supremely huge
74. yajnah: One who is of the nature of yajna
75. ijyah: He who is fit to be invoked through yajna
76. vimuktaatmaa: The ever-liberated self
77. jnaanamuttamam: The Supreme Knowledge
78. sumukhah: One who has a charming face
79. sukhadah: Giver of happiness
80. manoharah: The stealer of the mind
81. dhaneshvarah: The Lord of wealth
82. sat: existence
83. sattvasthah: Situated in sattva
84. uttarah: He who lifts us from the ocean of samsara
85. goptaa: The protector
86. kapeendrah: Lord of the monkeys (Rama)
87. mukundah: The giver of liberation
88. aanandah: A mass of pure bliss
89. nandanah: One who makes others blissful
90. trivikramah: One who took three steps
91. maharshih kapilaachaaryah: He who incarnated as Kapila, the great sage
92. kritajnah: The knower of the creation
93. mahaashringah: Great-horned (Matsya)
94. mahaavaraaho: The great boar
95. guhyo: The mysterious
96. chakra-gadaadharah: Bearer of the disc and mace
97. khanda-parashur: One who holds an axe
98. bhishak: Physician
99. shaantah: Peaceful within
100. nishthaa: Abode of all beings
101. paraayanam: The way to liberation
102. shreepatih: Lord of Laksmi
103. loka-trayaashrayah: Shelter of the three worlds
104. shoka-naashanah: Destroyer of sorrows
105. vishodhanah: The great purifier
106. keshavah: One whose rays illumine the cosmos
107. poornah: The complete
108. vasupradah: The giver of salvation, the greatest wealth
1008 Names of Vishnu
1) vishvam:
He who is the universe, the virat-purusha
2) vishnuh:
He who pervades everywhere
3) vashatkaarah:
He who is invoked for oblations
4) bhoota-bhavya-bhavat-prabhuh:
The Lord of past, present and future
5) bhoota-krit:
The creator of all creatures
6) bhoota-bhrit:
He who nourishes all creatures
7) bhaavo:
He who becomes all moving and nonmoving things
8) bhootaatmaa:
The aatman of all beings
9) bhoota-bhaavanah:
The cause of the growth and birth of all creatures
10) pootaatmaa:
He with an extremely pure essence
11) paramaatmaa:
The Supersoul
12) muktaanaam paramaa gatih:
The final goal, reached by liberated souls
13) avyayah:
Without destruction
14) purushah:
He who dwells in the city of nine gates
15) saakshee:
The witness
16) kshetrajnah:
The knower of the field
17) akshara:
Indestructible
18) yogah:
He who is realized through yoga
19) yoga-vidaam netaa:
The guide of those who know yoga
20) pradhaana-purusheshvarah:
Lord of pradhaana and purusha
21) naarasimha-vapuh:
He whose form is man-lion
22) shreemaan:
He who is always with shree
23) keshavah:
He who has beautiful locks of hair
24) purushottamah:
The Supreme Controller
25) sarvah:
He who is everything
26) sharvas:
The auspicious
27) shivah:
He who is eternally pure
28) sthaanuh:
The pillar, the immovable truth
29) bhootaadih:
The cause of the five great elements
30) nidhir-avyayah:
The imperishable treasure
31) sambhavah:
He who descends of His own free will
32) bhaavanah:
He who gives everything to his devotees
33) bhartaa:
He who governs the entire living world
34) prabhavah:
The womb of the five great elements
35) prabhuh:
The Almighty Lord
36) eeshvarah:
He who can do anything without any help
37) svayambhooh:
He who manifests from Himself
38) shambhuh:
He who brings auspiciousness
39) aadityah:
The son of Aditi (Vaamana)
40) pushkaraakshah:
He who has eyes like the lotus
41) mahaasvanah:
He who has a thundering voice
42) anaadi-nidhanah:
He without origin or end
43) dhaataa:
He who supports all fields of experience
44) vidhaataa:
The dispenser of fruits of action
45) dhaaturuttamah:
The subtlest atom
46) aprameyah:
He who cannot be perceived
47) hrisheekeshah:
The Lord of the senses
48) padmanaabhah:
He from whose navel comes the lotus
49) amaraprabhuh:
The Lord of the devas
50) vishvakarmaa:
The creator of the universe
51) manuh:
He who has manifested as the Vedic mantras
52) tvashtaa:
He who makes huge things small
53) sthavishtah:
The supremely gross
54) sthaviro dhruvah:
The ancient, motionless one
55) agraahyah:
He who is not perceived sensually
56) shaashvatah:
He who always remains the same
57) krishno:
He whose complexion is dark
58) lohitaakshah:
Red-eyed
59) pratardanah:
The Supreme destruction
60) prabhootas:
Ever-full
61) trikakub-dhaama:
The support of the three quarters
62) pavitram:
He who gives purity to the heart
63) mangalam param:
The Supreme auspiciousness
64) eeshanah:
The controller of the five great elements
65) praanadah:
He who gives life
66) praano:
He who ever lives
67) jyeshthah:
Older than all
68) shreshthah:
The most glorious
69) prajaapatih:
The Lord of all creatures
70) hiranyagarbhah:
He who dwells in the womb of the world
71) bhoogarbhah:
He who is the womb of the world
72) maadhavah:
Husband of Lakshmi
73) madhusoodanah:
Destroyer of the Madhu demon
74) eeshvarah:
The contoller
75) vikramee:
He who is full of prowess
76) dhanvee:
He who always has a divine bow
77) medhaavee:
Supremely intelligent
78) vikramah:
He who stepped (Vaamana)
79) kramah:
All-pervading
80) anuttamah:
Incomparably great
81) duraadharshah:
He who cannot be attacked successfully
82) kritajnah:
He who knows all that is
83) kritih:
He who rewards all our actions
84) aatmavaan:
The self in all beings
85) sureshah:
The Lord of the demigods
86) sharanam:
The refuge
87) sharma:
He who is Himself infinite bliss
88) visva-retaah:
The seed of the universe
89) prajaa-bhavah:
He from whom all praja comes
90) ahah:
He who is the nature of time
91) samvatsarah:
He from whom the concept of time comes
92) vyaalah:
The serpent (vyaalah) to athiests
93) pratyayah:
He whose nature is knowledge
94) sarvadarshanah:
All-seeing
95) ajah:
Unborn
96) sarveshvarah:
Controller of all
97) siddhah:
The most famous
98) siddhih:
He who gives moksha
99) sarvaadih:
The beginning of all
100) achyutah:
Infallible
101) vrishaakapih:
He who lifts the world to dharma
102) ameyaatmaa:
He who manifests in infinite varieties
103) sarva-yoga-vinissritah:
He who is free from all attachments
104) vasuh:
The support of all elements
105) vasumanaah:
He whose mind is supremely pure
106) satyah:
The truth
107) samaatmaa:
He who is the same in all
108) sammitah:
He who has been accepted by authorities
109) samah:
Equal
110) amoghah:
Ever useful
111) pundareekaakshah:
He who dwells in the heart
112) vrishakarmaa:
He whose every act is righteous
113) vrishaakritih:
The form of dharma
114) rudrah:
He who makes all people weep
115) bahu-shiraah:
He who has many heads
116) babhrur:
He who rules over all the worlds
117) vishvayonih:
The womb of the universe
118) shuchi-shravaah:
He who has beautiful, sacred names
119) amritah:
Immortal
120) shaashvatah-sthaanur:
Permanent and immovable
121) varaaroho:
The most glorious destination
122) mahaatapaah:
He of great tapas
123) sarvagah:
All-pervading
124) sarvavid-bhaanuh:
All-knowing and effulgent
125) vishvaksenah:
He against whom no army can stand
126) janaardanah:
He who gives joy to good people
127) vedah:
He who is the Vedas
128) vedavid:
The knower of the Vedas
129) avyangah:
Without imperfections
130) vedaangah:
He whose limbs are the Vedas
131) vedavit:
He who contemplates upon the Vedas
132) kavih:
The seer
133) lokaadhyakshah:
He who presides over all lokas
134) suraadhyaksho:
He who presides over all devas
135) dharmaadhyakshah:
He who presides over dharma
136) krita-akritah:
All that is created and not created
137) chaturaatmaa:
The four-fold self
138) chaturvyoohah:
Vasudeva, Sankarshan etc
139) chaturdamstrah:
He who has four canines (Nrsimha)
140) chaturbhujah:
Four-handed
141) bhraajishnur:
Self-effulgent consciousness
142) bhojanam:
He who is the sense-objects
143) bhoktaa:
The enjoyer
144) sahishnuh:
He who can suffer patiently
145) jagadaadijah:
Born at the beginning of the world
146) anaghah:
Sinless
147) vijayah:
Victorious
148) jetaa:
Ever-successful
149) vishvayonih:
He who incarnates because of the world
150) punarvasuh:
He who lives repeatedly in different bodies
151) upendrah:
The younger brother of Indra (vaamana)
152) vaamanah:
He with a dwarf body
153) praamshuh:
He with a huge body
154) amoghah:
He whose acts are for a great purpose
155) shuchih:
He who is spotlessly clean
156) oorjitah:
He who has infinite vitality
157) ateendrah:
He who surpasses Indra
158) samgrahah:
He who holds everything together
159) sargah:
He who creates the world from Himself
160) dhritaatmaa:
Established in Himself
161) niyamo:
The appointing authority
162) yamah:
The administrator
163) vedyah:
That which is to be known
164) vaidyah:
The Supreme doctor
165) sadaa-yogee:
Always in yoga
166) veerahaa:
He who destroys the mighty heroes
167) maadhavo:
The Lord of all knowledge
168) madhuh:
Sweet
169) ateendriyo:
Beyond the sense organs
170) mahaamayo:
The Supreme Master of all Maayaa
171) mahotsaaho:
The great enthusiast
172) mahaabalah:
He who has supreme strength
173) mahaabuddhir:
He who has supreme intelligence
174) mahaa-veeryah:
The supreme essence
175) mahaa-shaktih:
All-powerful
176) mahaa-dyutih:
Greatly luminous
177) anirdeshya-vapuh:
He whose form is indescribable
178) shreemaan:
He who is always courted by glories
179) ameyaatmaa:
He whose essence is immeasurable
180) mahaadri-dhrik:
He who supports the great mountain
181) maheshvaasah:
He who wields shaarnga
182) maheebhartaa:
The husband of mother earth
183) shreenivaasah:
The permanent abode of Shree
184) sataam gatih:
The goal for all virtuous people
185) aniruddhah:
He who cannot be obstructed
186) suraanando:
He who gives out happiness
187) govindah:
The protector of the cows
188) govidaam-patih:
The Lord of all men of wisdom
189) mareechih:
Effulgence
190) damanah:
He who controls rakshasas
191) hamsah:
The swan
192) suparnah:
Beautiful-winged (Two birds analogy)
193) bhujagottamah:
The serpent Ananta
194) hiranyanaabhah:
He who has a golden navel
195) sutapaah:
He who has glorious tapas
196) padmanaabhah:
He whose navel is like a lotus
197) prajaapatih:
He from whom all creatures emerge
198) amrityuh:
He who knows no death
199) sarva-drik:
The seer of everything
200) simhah:
He who destroys
201) sandhaataa:
The regulator
202) sandhimaan:
He who seems to be conditioned
203) sthirah:
Steady
204) ajah:
He who takes the form of Aja, Brahma
205) durmarshanah:
He who cannot be vanquished
206) shaastaa:
He who rules over the universe
207) visrutaatmaa:
He who is called atma in the Vedas
208) suraarihaa:
Destroyer of the enemies of the devas
209) guruh:
The teacher
210) gurutamah:
The greatest teacher
211) dhaama:
The goal
212) satyah:
He who is Himself the truth
213) satya-paraakramah:
Dynamic Truth
214) nimishah:
He who has closed eyes in contemplation
215) animishah:
He who remains unwinking; ever knowing
216) sragvee:
He who always wears a garland of undecaying flowers
217) vaachaspatir-udaara-dheeh:
He who is eloquent in championing the Supreme law of life; He with a large-hearted intelligence
218) agraneeh:
He who guides us to the peak
219) graamaneeh:
He who leads the flock
220) shreemaan:
The possessor of light, effulgence, glory
221) nyaayah:
Justice
222) netaa:
The leader
223) sameeranah:
He who sufficiently administers all movements of all living creatures
224) sahasra-moordhaa:
He who has endless heads
225) vishvaatmaa:
The soul of the universe
226) sahasraakshah:
Thousands of eyes
227) sahasrapaat:
Thousand-footed
228) aavartanah:
The unseen dynamism
229) nivritaatmaa:
The soul retreated from matter
230) samvritah:
He who is vieled from the jiva
231) sam-pramardanah:
He who persecutes evil men
232) ahassamvartakah:
He who thrills the day and makes it function vigorously
233) vahnih:
Fire
234) anilah:
Air
235) dharaneedharah:
He who supports the earth
236) suprasaadah:
Fully satisfied
237) prasanaatmaa:
Ever pure and all-blissful self
238) vishva-dhrik:
Supporter of the world
239) vishvabhuk:
He who enjoys all experiences
240) vibhuh:
He who manifests in endless forms
241) satkartaa:
He who adores good and wise people
242) satkritah:
He who is adored by all good people
243) saadhur:
He who lives by the righteous codes
244) jahnuh:
Leader of men
245) naaraayanah:
He who resides on the waters
246) narah:
The guide
247) asankhyeyah:
He who has numberlesss names and forms
248) aprameyaatmaa:
A soul not known through the pramanas
249) vishishtah:
He who transcends all in His glory
250) shishta-krit:
The law-maker
251) shuchih:
He who is pure
252) siddhaarthah:
He who has all arthas
253) siddhasankalpah:
He who gets all He wishes for
254) siddhidah:
The giver of benedictions
255) siddhisaadhanah:
The power behind our sadhana
256) vrishaahee:
Controller of all actions
257) vrishabhah:
He who showers all dharmas
258) vishnuh:
Long-striding
259) vrishaparvaa:
The ladder leading to dharma (As well as dharma itself)
260) vrishodarah:
He from whose belly life showers forth
261) vardhanah:
The nurturer and nourisher
262) vardhamaanah:
He who can grow into any dimension
263) viviktah:
Separate
264) shruti-saagarah:
The ocean for all scripture
265) subhujah:
He who has graceful arms
266) durdurdharah:
He who cannot be known by great yogis 267) vaagmee: He who is eloquent in speech
268) mahendrah:
The lord of Indra
269) vasudah:
He who gives all wealth
270) vasuh:
He who is Wealth
271) naika-roopo:
He who has unlimited forms
272) brihad-roopah:
Vast, of infinite dimensions
273) shipivishtah:
The presiding deity of the sun
274) prakaashanah:
He who illuminates
275) ojas-tejo-dyutidharah:
The possessor of vitality, effulgence and beauty
276) prakaashaatmaa:
The effulgent self
277) prataapanah:
Thermal energy; one who heats
278) riddhah:
Full of prosperity
279) spashtaaksharo:
One who is indicated by OM
280) mantrah:
The nature of the Vedic mantras
281) chandraamshuh:
The rays of the moon
282) bhaaskara-dyutih:
The effulgence of the sun
283) amritaamsoodbhavo:
The moon who gives flavor to vegetables
284) bhaanuh:
Self-effulgent
285) shashabindhuh:
The moon who has a rabbit-like spot
286) sureshvarah:
A person of extreme charity
287) aushadham:
Medicine
288) jagatas-setuh:
A bridge across the material energy
289) satya-dharma-paraakramah:
One who champions heroically for truth and righteousness
290) bhoota-bhavya-bhavan-naathah:
The Lord of past, present and future
291) pavanah:
The air that fills the universe
292) paavanah:
He who gives life-sustaining power to air
293) analah:
Fire
294) kaamahaa:
He who destroys all desires
295) kaamakrit:
He who fulfills all desires
296) kaantah:
He who is of enchanting form
297) kaamah:
The beloved
298) kaamapradah:
He who supplies desired objects
299) prabhuh:
The Lord
300) yugaadi-krit:
The creator of the yugas
301) yugaavartah
The law behind time
302) naikamaayah:
He whose forms are endless and varied
303) mahaashanah:
He who eats up everything
304) adrishyah:
Imperceptible
305) vyaktaroopah:
He who is perceptible to the yogi
306) sahasrajit:
He who vanquishes thousands
307) anantajit:
Ever-victorious
308) ishtah:
He who is invoked through Vedic rituals
309) visishtah:
The noblest and most sacred
310) sishteshtah:
The greatest beloved
311) shikhandee:
He who wears a peacock feather
312) nahushah:
He who binds all with maya
313) vrishah:
He who is dharma
314) krodhahaa:
He who destroys anger
315) krodhakrit-kartaa:
He who generates anger against the lower tendency
316) visvabaahuh:
He whose hand is in everything
317) maheedharah:
The support of the earth
318) achyutah:
He who undergoes no changes
319) prathitah:
He who exists pervading all
320) praanah:
The prana in all living creatures
321) praanadah:
He who gives prana
322) vaasavaanujah:
The brother of Indra
323) apaam-nidhih:
Treasure of waters (the ocean)
324) adhishthaanam:
The substratum of the entire universe
325) apramattah:
He who never makes a wrong judgement
326) pratishthitah:
He who has no cause
327) skandah:
He whose glory is expressed through Subrahmanya
328) skanda-dharah:
Upholder of withering righteousness
329) dhuryah:
Who carries out creation etc without hitch
330) varadah:
He who fulfills boons
331) vaayuvaahanah:
Controller of winds
332) vaasudevah:
Dwelling in all creatures although not affected by that condition
333) brihat-bhaanuh:
He who illumines the world with the rays of the sun and moon
334) aadidevah:
The primary source of everything
335) purandarah:
Destroyer of cities
336) ashokah:
He who has no sorrow
337) taaranah:
He who enables others to cross
338) taarah:
He who saves
339) shoorah:
The valiant
340) shaurih:
He who incarnated in the dynasty of Shoora
341) janeshvarah:
The Lord of the people
342) anukoolah:
Well-wisher of everyone
343) sataavarttah:
He who takes infinite forms
344) padmee:
He who holds a lotus
345) padmanibhekshanah:
Lotus-eyed
346) padmanaabhah:
He who has a lotus-navel
347) aravindaakshah:
He who has eyes as beautiful as the lotus
348) padmagarbhah:
He who is being meditated upon in the lotus of the heart
349) shareerabhrit:
He who sustains all bodies
350) maharddhi:
One who has great prosperity
351) riddhah:
He who has expanded Himself as the universe
352) Vriddhaatmaa:
The ancient self
353) mahaakshah:
The great-eyed
354) garudadhvajah:
One who has Garuda on His flag
355) atulah:
Incomparable
356) sharabhah:
One who dwells and shines forth through the bodies
357) bheemah:
The terrible
358) samayajnah:
One whose worship is nothing more than keeping an equal vision of the mind by the devotee
359) havirharih:
The receiver of all oblation
360) sarva-lakshana-lakshanyah:
Known through all proofs
361) lakshmeevaan:
The consort of Laksmi
362) samitinjayah:
Ever-victorious
363) viksharah:
Imperishable
364) rohitah:
The fish incarnation
365) maargah:
The path
366) hetuh:
The cause
367) daamodarah:
Whose stomach is marked with three lines
368) sahah:
All-enduring
369) maheedharah:
The bearer of the earth
370) mahaabhaago:
He who gets the greates share in every Yajna
371) vegavaan:
He who is swift
372) amitaashanah:
Of endless appetite
373) udbhavah:
The originator
374) kshobhanah:
The agitator
375) devah:
He who revels
376) shreegarbhah:
He in whom are all glories
377) parameshvarah:
The Supreme Lord
378) karanam:
The instrument
379) kaaranam:
The cause
380) kartaa:
The doer
381) vikartaa:
Creator of the endless varieties that make up the universe
382) gahanah:
The unknowable
383) guhah:
He who dwells in the cave of the heart
384) vyavasaayah:
Resolute
385) vyavasthaanah:
The substratum
386) samsthaanah:
The ultimate authority
387) sthaanadah:
He who confers the right abode
388) dhruvah:
The changeless in the midst of changes
389) pararddhih:
He who has supreme manifestations
390) paramaspashtah:
The extremely vivid
391) tushtah:
One who is contented with a very simple offering
392) pushtah:
One who is ever-full
393) shubhekshanah:
All-auspicious gaze
394) raamah:
One who is most handsome
395) viraamah:
The abode of perfect-rest
396) virajo:
Passionless
397) maargah:
The path
398) neyah:
The guide
399) nayah:
One who leads
400) anayah:
One who has no leader
401) veerah:
The valiant
402) shaktimataam-shresthah:
The best among the powerful
403) dharmah:
The law of being
404) dharmaviduttamah:
The highest among men of realisation
405) vaikunthah:
One who prevents men from straying on wrong paths
406) purushah:
One who dwells in all bodies
407) praanah:
Life
408) praanadah:
Giver of life
409) pranavah:
He who is praised by the gods
410) prituh:
The expanded
411) hiranyagarbhah:
The creator
412) shatrughnah:
The destroyer of enemies
413) vyaaptah:
The pervader
414) vaayuh:
The air
415) adhokshajah:
One whose vitality never flows downwards
416) rituh:
The seasons
417) sudarshanah:
He whose meeting is auspicious
418) kaalah:
He who judges and punishes beings
419) parameshthee:
One who is readily available for experience within the heart
420) parigrahah:
The receiver
421) ugrah:
The terrible
422) samvatsarah:
The year
423) dakshah:
The smart
424) vishraamah:
The resting place
425) vishva-dakshinah:
The most skilful and efficient
426) vistaarah:
The extension
427) sthaavarah-sthaanuh:
The firm and motionless
428) pramaanam:
The proof
429) beejamavyayam:
The Immutable Seed
430) arthah:
He who is worshiped by all
431) anarthah:
One to whom there is nothing yet to be fulfilled
432) mahaakoshah:
He who has got around him great sheaths
433) mahaabhogah:
He who is of the nature of enjoyment
434) mahaadhanah:
He who is supremely rich
435) anirvinnah:
He who has no discontent
436) sthavishthah:
One who is supremely huge
437) a-bhooh:
One who has no birth
438) dharma-yoopah:
The post to which all dharma is tied
439) mahaa-makhah:
The great sacrificer
440) nakshatranemir:
The nave of the stars
441) nakshatree:
The Lord of the stars (the moon)
442) kshamah:
He who is supremely efficient in all undertakings
443) kshaamah:
He who ever remains without any scarcity
444) sameehanah:
One whose desires are auspicious
445) yajnah:
One who is of the nature of yajna
446) ijyah:
He who is fit to be invoked through yajna
447) mahejyah:
One who is to be most worshiped
448) kratuh:
The animal-sacrifice
449) satram:
Protector of the good
450) sataam-gatih:
Refuge of the good
451) sarvadarshee:
All-knower
452) vimuktaatmaa:
The ever-liberated self
453) sarvajno:
Omniscient
454) jnaanamuttamam:
The Supreme Knowledge
455) suvratah:
He who ever-perfoeming the pure vow
456) sumukhah:
One who has a charming face
457) sookshmah:
The subtlest
458) sughoshah:
Of auspicious sound
459) sukhadah:
Giver of happiness
460) suhrit:
Friend of all creatures
461) manoharah:
The stealer of the mind
462) jita-krodhah:
One who has conquered anger
463) veerabaahur:
Having mighty arms
464) vidaaranah:
One who splits asunder
465) svaapanah:
One who puts people to sleep
466) svavashah:
He who has everything under His control
467) vyaapee:
All-pervading
468) naikaatmaa:
Many souled
469) naikakarmakrit:
One who does many actions
470) vatsarah:
The abode
471) vatsalah:
The supremely affectionate
472) vatsee:
The father
473) ratnagarbhah:
The jewel-wombed
474) dhaneshvarah:
The Lord of wealth
475) dharmagub:
One who protects dharma
476) dharmakrit:
One who acts according to dharma
477) dharmee:
The supporter of dharma
478) sat:
existence
479) asat:
illusion
480) ksharam:
He who appears to perish
481) aksharam:
Imperishable
482) avijnaataa:
The non-knower (The knower being the conditioned soul within the body)
483) sahasraamshur:
The thousand-rayed
484) vidhaataa:
All supporter
485) kritalakshanah:
One who is famous for His qualities
486) gabhastinemih:
The hub of the universal wheel
487) sattvasthah:
Situated in sattva
488) simhah:
The lion
489) bhoota-maheshvarah:
The great lord of beings
490) aadidevah:
The first deity
491) mahaadevah:
The great deity
492) deveshah:
The Lord of all devas
493) devabhrit-guruh:
Advisor of Indra
494) uttarah:
He who lifts us from the ocean of samsara
495) gopatih:
The shepherd
496) goptaa:
The protector
497) jnaanagamyah:
One who is experienced through pure knowledge
498) puraatanah:
He who was even before time
499) shareera-bhootabhrit:
One who nourishes the nature from which the bodies came
500) bhoktaa:
The enjoyer
501) kapeendrah:
Lord of the monkeys (Rama)
502) bhooridakshinah:
He who gives away large gifts
503) somapah:
One who takes Soma in the yajnas
504) amritapah:
One who drinks the nectar
505) somah:
One who as the moon nourishes plants
506) purujit:
One who has conquered numerous enemies
507) purusattamah:
The greatest of the great
508) vinayah:
He who humiliates those who are unrighteous
509) jayah:
The victorious
510) satyasandhah:
Of truthful resolution
511) daashaarhah:
One who was born in the Dasarha race
512) saatvataam-patih:
The Lord of the Satvatas
513) jeevah:
One who functions as the ksetrajna
514) vinayitaa-saakshee:
The witness of modesty
515) mukundah:
The giver of liberation
516) amitavikramah:
Of immeasurable prowess
517) ambho-nidhir:
The substratum of the four types of beings
518) anantaatmaa:
The infinite self
519) mahodadhishayah:
One who rests on the great ocean
520) antakah:
The death
521) ajah:
Unborn
522) mahaarhah:
One who deserves the highest worship
523) svaabhaavyah:
Ever rooted in the nature of His own self
524) jitaamitrah:
One who has conquered all enemies
525) pramodanah:
Ever-blissful
526) aanandah:
A mass of pure bliss
527) nandanah:
One who makes others blissful
528) nandah:
Free from all worldly pleasures
529) satyadharmaa:
One who has in Himself all true dharmas
530) trivikramah:
One who took three steps
531) maharshih kapilaachaaryah:
He who incarnated as Kapila, the great sage
532) kritajnah:
The knower of the creation
533) medineepatih:
The Lord of the earth
534) tripadah:
One who has taken three steps
535) tridashaadhyaksho:
The Lord of the three states of consciousness
536) mahaashringah:
Great-horned (Matsya)
537) kritaantakrit:
Destroyer of the creation
538) mahaavaraaho:
The great boar
539) govindah:
One who is known through Vedanta
540) sushenah:
He who has a charming army
541) kanakaangadee:
Wearer of bright-as-gold armlets
542) guhyo:
The mysterious
543) gabheerah:
The unfathomable
544) gahano:
Impenetrable
545) guptah:
The well-concealed
546) chakra-gadaadharah:
Bearer of the disc and mace
547) vedhaah:
Creator of the universe
548) svaangah:
One with well-proportioned limbs
549) ajitah:
Vanquished by none
550) krishnah:
Dark-complexioned
551) dridhah:
The firm
552) sankarshanochyutah:
He who absorbs the whole creation into His nature and never falls away from that nature
553) varunah:
One who sets on the horizon (Sun)
554) vaarunah:
The son of Varuna (Vasistha or Agastya)
555) vrikshah:
The tree
556) pushkaraakshah:
Lotus eyed
557) mahaamanaah:
Great-minded
558) bhagavaan:
One who possesses six opulences
559) bhagahaa:
One who destroys the six opulences during pralaya
560) aanandee:
One who gives delight
561) vanamaalee:
One who wears a garland of forest flowers
562) halaayudhah:
One who has a plough as His weapon
563) aadityah:
Son of Aditi
564) jyotiraadityah:
The resplendence of the sun
565) sahishnuh:
One who calmly endures duality
566) gatisattamah:
The ultimate refuge for all devotees
567) sudhanvaa:
One who has Shaarnga
568) khanda-parashur:
One who holds an axe
569) daarunah:
Merciless towards the unrighteous
570) dravinapradah:
One who lavishly gives wealth
571) divah-sprik:
Sky-reaching
572) sarvadrik-vyaaso:
One who creates many men of wisdom
573) vaachaspatir-ayonijah:
One who is the master of all vidyas and who is unborn through a womb
574) trisaamaa:
One who is glorified by Devas, Vratas and Saamans
575) saamagah:
The singer of the sama songs
576) saama:
The Sama Veda
577) nirvaanam:
All-bliss
578) bheshajam:
Medicine
579) bhishak:
Physician
580) samnyaasa-krit:
Institutor of sannyasa
581) samah:
Calm
582) shaantah:
Peaceful within
583) nishthaa:
Abode of all beings
584) shaantih:
One whose very nature is peace
585) paraayanam:
The way to liberation
586) shubhaangah:
One who has the most beautiful form
587) shaantidah:
Giver of peace
588) shrashtaa:
Creator of all beings
589) kumudah:
He who delights in the earth
590) kuvaleshayah:
He who reclines in the waters
591) gohitah:
One who does welfare for cows
592) gopatih:
Husband of the earth
593) goptaa:
Protector of the universe
594) vrishabhaaksho:
One whose eyes rain fulfilment of desires
595) vrishapriyah:
One who delights in dharma
596) anivartee:
One who never retreats
597) nivrittaatmaa:
One who is fully restrained from all sense indulgences
598) samksheptaa:
The involver
599) kshemakrit:
Doer of good
600) shivah:
Auspiciousness
601) shreevatsa-vakshaah:
One who has sreevatsa on His chest
602) shrevaasah:
Abode of Sree
603) shreepatih:
Lord of Laksmi
604) shreemataam varah:
The best among glorious
605) shreedah:
Giver of opulence
606) shreeshah:
The Lord of Sree
607) shreenivaasah:
One who dwells in the good people
608) shreenidhih:
The treasure of Sree
609) shreevibhaavanah:
Distributor of Sree
610) shreedharah:
Holder of Sree
611) shreekarah:
One who gives Sree
612) shreyah:
Liberation
613) shreemaan:
Possessor of Sree
614) loka-trayaashrayah:
Shelter of the three worlds
615) svakshah:
Beautiful-eyed
616) svangah:
Beautiful-limbed
617) shataanandah:
Of infinite varieties and joys
618) nandih:
Infinite bliss
619) jyotir-ganeshvarah:
Lord of the luminaries in the cosmos
620) vijitaatmaa:
One who has conquered the sense organs
621) vidheyaatmaa:
One who is ever available for the devotees to command in love
622) sat-keertih:
One of pure fame
623) chinnasamshayah:
One whose doubts are ever at rest
624) udeernah:
The great transcendent
625) sarvatah-chakshuh:
One who has eyes everywhere
626) aneeshah:
One who has none to Lord over Him
627) shaashvata-sthirah:
One who is eternal and stable
628) bhooshayah:
One who rested on the ocean shore (Rama)
629) bhooshanah:
One who adorns the world
630) bhootih:
One who is pure existence
631) vishokah:
Sorrowless
632) shoka-naashanah:
Destroyer of sorrows
633) archishmaan:
The effulgent
634) architah:
One who is constantly worshipped by His devotees
635) kumbhah:
The pot within whom everything is contained
636) vishuddhaatmaa:
One who has the purest soul
637) vishodhanah:
The great purifier
638) anniruddhah:
He who is invincible by any enemy
639) apratirathah:
One who has no enemies to threaten Him
640) pradyumnah:
Very rich
641) amitavikramah:
Of immeasurable prowess
642) kaalanemi-nihaa:
Slayer of Kalanemi
643) veerah:
The heroic victor
644) shauri:
One who always has invincible prowess
645) shoora-janeshvarah:
Lord of the valiant
646) trilokaatmaa:
The self of the three worlds
647) trilokeshah:
The Lord of the three worlds
648) keshavah:
One whose rays illumine the cosmos
649) keshihaa:
Killer of Kesi
650) harih:
The destroyer
651) kaamadevah:
The beloved Lord
652) kaamapaalah:
The fulfiller of desires
653) kaamee:
One who has fulfilled all His desires
654) kaantah:
Of enchanting form
655) kritaagamah:
The author of the agama scriptures
656) anirdeshya-vapuh:
Of Indescribable form
657) vishnuh:
All-pervading
658) veerah:
The courageous
659) anantah:
Endless
660) dhananjayah:
One who gained wealth through conquest
661) brahmanyah:
Protector of Brahman (anything related to Narayana)
662) brahmakrit:
One who acts in Brahman
663) brahmaa:
Creator
664) brahma:
Biggest
665) brahma-vivardhanah:
One who increases the Brahman
666) brahmavid:
One who knows Brahman
667) braahmanah:
One who has realised Brahman
668) brahmee:
One who is with Brahma
669) brahmajno:
One who knows the nature of Brahman
670) braahmana-priyah:
Dear to the brahmanas
671) mahaakramo:
Of great step
672) mahaakarmaa:
One who performs great deeds
673) mahaatejaah:
One of great resplendence
674) mahoragah:
The great serpent
675) mahaakratuh:
The great sacrifice
676) mahaayajvaa:
One who performed great yajnas
677) mahaayajnah:
The great yajna
678) mahaahavih:
The great offering
679) stavyah:
One who is the object of all praise
680) stavapriyah:
One who is invoked through prayer
681) stotram:
The hymn
682) stutih:
The act of praise
683) stotaa:
One who adores or praises
684) ranapriyah:
Lover of battles
685) poornah:
The complete
686) poorayitaa:
The fulfiller
687) punyah:
The truly holy
688) punya-keertir:
Of Holy fame
689) anaamayah:
One who has no diseases
690) manojavah:
Swift as the mind
691) teerthakaro:
The teacher of the tirthas
692) vasuretaah:
He whose essence is golden
693) vasupradah:
The free-giver of wealth
694) vasupradah:
The giver of salvation, the greatest wealth
695) vaasudevo:
The son of Vasudeva
696) vasuh:
The refuge for all
697) vasumanaah:
One who is attentive to everything
698) havih:
The oblation
699) sadgatih:
The goal of good people
700) satkritih:
One who is full of Good actions
701) satta:
One without a second
702) sadbhootih:
One who has rich glories
703) satparaayanah:
The Supreme goal for the good
704) shoorasenah:
One who has heroic and valiant armies
705) yadu-shresthah:
The best among the Yadava clan
706) sannivaasah:
The abode of the good
707) suyaamunah:
One who attended by the people who dwell on the banks of Yamuna
708) bhootaavaaso:
The dwelling place of the elements
709) vaasudevah:
One who envelops the world with Maya
710) sarvaasunilayah:
The abode of all life energies
711) analah:
One of unlimited wealth, power and glory
712) darpahaa:
The destroyer of pride in evil-minded people
713) darpadah:
One who creates pride, or an urge to be the best, among the righteous
714) driptah:
One whio is drunk with Infinite bliss
715) durdharah:
The object of contemplation
716) athaaparaajitah:
The unvanquished
717) vishvamoortih:
Of the form of the entire Universe
718) mahaamortir:
The great form
719) deeptamoortir:
Of resplendent form
720) a-moortirmaan:
Having no form
721) anekamoortih:
Multi-formed
722) avyaktah:
Unmanifeset
723) shatamoortih:
Of many forms
724) shataananah:
Many-faced
725) ekah:
The one
726) naikah:
The many
727) savah:
The nature of the sacrifice
728) kah:
One who is of the nature of bliss
729) kim:
What (the one to be inquired into)
730) yat:
Which
731) tat:
That
732) padam-anuttamam:
The unequalled state of perfection
733) lokabandhur:
Friend of the world
734) lokanaathah:
Lord of the world
735) maadhavah:
Born in the family of Madhu
736) bhaktavatsalah:
One who loves His devotees
737) suvarna-varnah:
Golden-coloured
738) hemaangah:
One who has limbs of gold
739) varaangah:
With beautiful limbs
740) chandanaangadee:
One who has attractive armlets
741) veerahaa:
Destroyer of valiant heroes
742) vishama:
Unequalled
743) shoonyah:
The void
744) ghritaaseeh:
One who has no need for good wishes
745) acalah:
Non-moving
746) chalah:
Moving
747) amaanee:
Without false vanity
748) maanadah:
One who causes, by His maya, false identification with the body
749) maanyah:
One who is to be honoured
750) lokasvaamee:
Lord of the universe
751) trilokadhrik:
One who is the support of all the three worlds
752) sumedhaa:
One who has pure intelligence
753) medhajah:
Born out of sacrifices
754) dhanyah:
Fortunate
755) satyamedhah:
One whose intelligence never fails
756) dharaadharah:
The sole support of the earth
757) tejovrisho:
One who showers radiance
758) dyutidharah:
One who bears an effulgent form
759) sarva-shastra-bhritaam-varah:
The best among those who wield weapons
760) pragrahah:
Receiver of worship
761) nigrahah:
The killer
762) vyagrah:
One who is ever engaged in fulfilling the devotee's desires
763) naikashringah:
One who has many horns
764) gadaagrajah:
One who is invoked through mantra
765) chaturmoortih:
Four-formed
766) chaturbaahuh:
Four-handed
767) chaturvyoohah:
One who expresses Himself as the dynamic centre in the four vyoohas
768) chaturgatih:
The ultimate goal of all four varnas and asramas
769) chaturaatmaa:
Clear-minded
770) chaturbhaavas:
The source of the four
771) chatur-vedavid:
Knower of all four vedas
772) ekapaat:
One-footed (BG 10.42)
773) samaavartah:
The efficient turner
774) nivrittaatmaa:
One whose mind is turned away from sense indulgence
775) durjayah:
The invincible
776) duratikramah:
One who is difficult to be disobeyed
777) durlabhah:
One who obtained with effort
778) durgamah:
One who is realised with great effort
779) durgah:
Not easy to storm into
780) duraavaasah:
Not easy to lodge
781) duraarihaa:
Slayer of the asuras
782) shubhaangah:
One with enchanting limbs
783) lokasaarangah:
One who understands the universe
784) sutantuh:
Beautifully expanded
785) tantu-vardhanah:
One who sustains the continuity of the drive for the family
786) indrakarmaa:
One who always performs gloriously auspicious actions
787) mahaakarmaa:
One who accomplishes great acts
788) kritakarmaa:
One who has fulfilled his acts
789) kritaagamah:
Author of the Vedas
790) udbhavah:
The ultimate source
791) sundarah:
Of unrivalled beauty
792) sundah:
Of great mercy
793) ratna-naabhah:
Of beautiful navel
794) sulochanah:
One who has the most enchanting eyes
795) arkah:
One who is in the form of the sun
796) vaajasanah:
The giver of food
797) shringee:
The horned one
798) jayantah:
The conquerer of all enemies
799) sarvavij-jayee:
One who is at once omniscient and victorious
800) suvarna-binduh:
With limbs radiant like gold
801) akshobhyah:
One who is ever unruffled
802) sarva-vaageeshvareshvarah:
Lord of the Lord of speech
803) mahaahradah:
One who is like a great refreshing swimming pool
804) mahaagartah:
The great chasm
805) mahaabhootah:
The great being
806) mahaanidhih:
The great abode
807) kumudah:
One who gladdens the earth
808) kundarah:
The one who lifted the earth
809) kundah:
One who is as attractive as Kunda flowers
810) parjanyah:
He who is similar to rain-bearing clouds
811) paavanah:
One who ever purifies
812) anilah:
One who never slips
813) amritaashah:
One whose desires are never fruitless
814) amritavapuh:
He whose form is immortal
815) sarvajna:
Omniscient
816) sarvato-mukhah:
One who has His face turned everywhere
817) sulabhah:
One who is readily available
818) suvratah:
One who has taken the most auspicious forms
819) siddhah:
One who is perfection
820) shatrujit:
One who is ever victorious over His hosts of enemies
821) shatrutaapanah:
The scorcher of enemies
822) nyagrodhah:
The one who veils Himself with Maya
823) udumbarah:
Nourishment of all living creatures
824) ashvattas:
Tree of life
825) chaanooraandhra-nishoodanah:
The slayer of Canura
826) sahasraarchih:
He who has thousands of rays
827) saptajihvah:
He who expresses himself as the seven tongues of fire (Types of agni)
828) saptaidhaah:
The seven effulgences in the flames
829) saptavaahanah:
One who has a vehicle of seven horses (sun)
830) amoortih:
Formless
831) anaghah:
Sinless
832) acintyo:
Inconceivable
833) bhayakrit:
Giver of fear
834) bhayanaashanah:
Destroyer of fear
835) anuh:
The subtlest
836) brihat:
The greatest
837) krishah:
Delicate, lean
838) sthoolah:
One who is the fattest
839) gunabhrit:
One who supports
840) nirgunah:
Without any properties
841) mahaan:
The mighty
842) adhritah:
Without support
843) svadhritah:
Self-supported
844) svaasyah:
One who has an effulgent face
845) praagvamshah:
One who has the most ancient ancestry
846) vamshavardhanah:
He who multiplies His family of descendents
847) bhaarabhrit:
One who carries the load of the universe
848) kathitah:
One who is glorified in all scriptures
849) yogee:
One who can be realised through yoga
850) yogeeshah:
The king of yogis
851) sarvakaamadah:
One who fulfils all desires of true devotees
852) aashramah:
Haven
853) shramanah:
One who persecutes the worldly people
854) kshaamah:
One who destroys everything
855) suparnah:
The golden leaf (Vedas) BG 15.1
856) vaayuvaahanah:
The mover of the winds
857) dhanurdharah:
The wielder of the bow
858) dhanurvedah:
One who declared the science of archery
859) dandah:
One who punishes the wicked
860) damayitaa:
The controller
861) damah:
Beautitude in the self
862) aparaajitah:
One who cannot be defeated
863) sarvasahah:
One who carries the entire Universe
864) aniyantaa:
One who has no controller
865) niyamah:
One who is not under anyone's laws
866) ayamah:
One who knows no death
867) sattvavaan:
One who is full of exploits and courage
868) saattvikah:
One who is full of sattvic qualities
869) satyah:
Truth
870) satya-dharma-paraayanah:
One who is the very abode of truth and dharma
871) abhipraayah:
One who is faced by all seekers marching to the infinite
872) priyaarhah:
One who deserves all our love
873) arhah:
One who deserves to be worshiped
874) priyakrit:
One who is ever-obliging in fulfilling our wishes
875) preetivardhanah:
One who increases joy in the devotee's heart
876) vihaayasa-gatih:
One who travels in space
877) jyotih:
Self-effulgent
878) suruchih:
Whose desire manifests as the universe
879) hutabhuk:
One who enjoys all that is offered in yajna
880) vibhuh:
All-pervading
881) ravih:
One who dries up everything
882) virochanah:
One who shines in different forms
883) sooryah:
The one source from where everything is born
884) savitaa:
The one who brings forth the Universe from Himself
885) ravilochanah:
One whose eye is the sun
886) anantah:
Endless
887) hutabhuk:
One who accepts oblations
888) bhoktaa:
One who enjoys
889) sukhadah:
Giver of bliss to those who are liberated
890) naikajah:
One who is born many times
891) agrajah:
The first-born
892) anirvinnah:
One who feels no disappointment
893) sadaamarshee:
One who forgives the trespasses of His devotees
894) lokaadhishthaanam:
The substratum of the universe
895) adbhutah:
Wonderful
896) sanaat:
The beginningless and endless factor
897) sanaatanatamah:
The most ancient
898) kapilah:
The great sage Kapila
899) kapih:
One who drinks water
900) apyayah:
The one in whom the universe merges
901) svastidah:
Giver of Svasti
902) svastikrit:
One who robs all auspiciousness
903) svasti:
One who is the source of all auspiciouness
904) svastibhuk:
One who constantly enjoys auspiciousness
905) svastidakshinah:
Distributor of auspiciousness
906) araudrah:
One who has no negative emotions or urges
907) kundalee:
One who wears shark earrings
908) chakree:
Holder of the chakra
909) vikramee:
The most daring
910) oorjita-shaasanah:
One who commands with His hand
911) shabdaatigah:
One who transcends all words
912) shabdasahah:
One who allows Himself to be invoked by Vedic declarations
913) shishirah:
The cold season, winter
914) sharvaree-karah:
Creator of darkness
915) akroorah:
Never cruel
916) peshalah:
One who is supremely soft
917) dakshah:
Prompt
918) dakshinah:
The most liberal
919) kshaminaam-varah:
One who has the greatest amount of patience with sinners
920) vidvattamah:
One who has the greatest wisdom
921) veetabhayah:
One with no fear
922) punya-shravana-keertanah:
The hearing of whose glory causes holiness to grow
923) uttaaranah:
One who lifts us out of the ocean of change
924) dushkritihaa:
Destroyer of bad actions
925) punyah:
Supremely pure
926) duh-svapna-naashanah:
One who destroys all bad dreams
927) veerahaa:
One who ends the passage from womb to womb
928) rakshanah:
Protector of the universe
929) santah:
One who is expressed through saintly men
930) jeevanah:
The life spark in all creatures
931) paryavasthitah:
One who dwells everywhere
932) anantaroopah:
One of infinite forms
933) anantashreeh:
Full of infinite glories
934) jitamanyuh:
One who has no anger
935) bhayapahah:
One who destroys all fears
936) chaturashrah:
One who deals squarely
937) gabheeraatmaa:
Too deep to be fathomed
938) vidishah:
One who is unique in His giving
939) vyaadishah:
One who is unique in His commanding power
940) dishah:
One who advises and gives knowledge
941) anaadih:
One who is the first cause
942) bhoor-bhuvo:
The substratum of the earth
943) lakshmeeh:
The glory of the universe
944) suveerah:
One who moves through various ways
945) ruchiraangadah:
One who wears resplendent shoulder caps
946) jananah:
He who delivers all living creatures
947) jana-janmaadir:
The cause of the birth of all creatures
948) bheemah:
Terrible form
949) bheema-paraakramah:
One whose prowess is fearful to His enemies
950) aadhaaranilayah:
The fundamental sustainer
951) adhaataa:
Above whom there is no other to command
952) pushpahaasah:
He who shines like an opening flower
953) prajaagarah:
Ever-awakened
954) oordhvagah:
One who is on top of everything
955) satpathaachaarah:
One who walks the path of truth
956) praanadah:
Giver of life
957) pranavah:
Omkara
958) panah:
The supreme universal manager
959) pramaanam:
He whose form is the Vedas
960) praananilayah:
He in whom all prana is established
961) praanibhrit:
He who rules over all pranas
962) praanajeevanah:
He who maintains the life-breath in all living creatures
963) tattvam:
The reality
964) tattvavit:
One who has realised the reality
965) ekaatmaa:
The one self
966) janma-mrityu-jaraatigah:
One who knows no birth, death or old age in Himself
967) bhoor-bhuvah svas-taruh:
The tree of bhur, bhuvah and svah
968) taarah:
One who helps all to cross over
969) savitaa:
The father of all
970) prapitaamahah:
The father of the father of beings (Brahma)
971) yajnah:
One whose very nature is yajna
972) yajnapatih:
The Lord of all yajnas
973) yajvaa:
The one who performs yajna
974) yajnaangah:
One whose limbs are the things employed in yajna
975) yajnavaahanah:
One who fulfils yajnas in complete
976) yajnabhrid:
The ruler of the yajanas
977) yajnakrit:
One who performs yajna
978) yajnee:
Enjoyer of yajnas
979) yajnabhuk:
Receiver of all that is offered
980) yajnasaadhanah:
One who fulfils all yajnas
981) yajnaantakrit:
One who performs the concluding act of the yajna
982) yajnaguhyam:
The person to be realised by yajna
983) annam:
One who is food
984) annaadah:
One who eats the food
985) aatmayonih:
The uncaused cause
986) svayamjaatah:
Self-born
987) vaikhaanah:
The one who cut through the earth
988) saamagaayanah:
One who sings the sama songs
989) devakee-nandanah:
Son of Devaki
990) srashtaa:
Creator
991) kshiteeshah:
The Lord of the earth
992) paapa-naashanah:
Destroyer of sin
993) samkha-bhrit:
One who has the divine Pancajanya
994) nandakee:
One who holds the Nandaka sword
995) chakree:
Carrier of Sudarsana
996) shaarnga-dhanvaa:
One who aims His shaarnga bow
997) gadaadharah:
Carrier of Kaumodakee club
998) rathaanga-paanih:
One who has the wheel of a chariot as His weapon
999) akshobhyah:
One who cannot be annoyed by anyone
1000) sarva-praharanaayudhah:
He who has all implements for all kinds of assault and fight
The history of Udapana (ch36)
MAHABHARATA CHAPTER 36 (GADAYUDDHA PARVA)-Continued The history of Udapana SYNOPSIS Vaishampayana narrates the story of the great ascetic Tr...
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CHAPTER 58 (Gadayuddha Parva)-Continued. The Fall of Duryodhana SYNOPSIS This passage from the Mahabharata describes the final mace duel bet...
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Lord Skanda (Kartikeya), the son of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati, who is revered as the god of war, strength, and protection. Skanda moola...
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CHAPTER 61 (Gadayuddha Parva ) -- Continued. The Praise of Bhimasena. The Lamentation of Duryodhana SYNOPSIS After Duryodhana is struck down...